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Sunday, May 4, 2008

Eat Your Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Weapons, Mr President WAR George Bush! Darling Condy Imperialism Personified!

Plash Biswas

I spit on thee, US Imperialism!

I stand with you US Freedom movement! US Human rights aware Citizens! Anti Imperialism Resistance! Democratic Forces!

I hate your Galaxy Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid Hindu Zionist White Order!

I hate the Global Ruling Class born from the Womb of Indian VARNA system and Wetern Apartheid, just two sides of the same coin!

I hate your Comradors agents ruling most of the countries including our Sub continent!

Mind you, we are chined for thousands and thousands years deprived of our Human Rights. Deprived of Food, Education, Health Care, Livelihood, Clothing. But we Have Nots won`t bear this infinite Enslavement for eternity!

The sackles have to be broken Any day Any Time Any Where!

Mr President! Just withdraw your forces from Iraq!

Hands off from Iran!

Quit Afganistan!

Quit Waziristan!

Call back US forces and Warships from different parts of this glob!

Withdraw US MNCs from every part of this universe which are engaged in destruction!

Close the Open Neo Liberal Market devastating Indigenous Production system everywhere!

Stop ethnic cleansing calling it War against terrorism!

Stop Conspiracies against Humanity and Nature!

Annihilate your Mind control Gestapo deployed everywhere!

Disband Nato!

Break UN! Pentagon! WTO! IMF! World Bank! GATT!

Just do all these things and you have not to speak so Nonsense!You would be able to hold your dirty tongue for a while until Brack Obama or hillary Clinton takes over defeating War Monger Republicans!

There won`t be any Food Crisis anymore!

There won`t be any Global Warming in Future!

This Universe will be full of Peace without Civil Wars , Wars and Military Intervention!

Prosperity in countries like India is "good" but it triggers increased demand for "better nutrition" which in turn leads to higher food prices, US President George W Bush said. ( Watch )

Mr President, You won`t allow the Black Untouchables of this Planet to have their daily Meal. You perhaps visulise the Great Famines of India and China in World War Time. Mind you, US Imperialism and US intersts got its Roots in those Famines. War is the mother of Famines and all food problems, American president won`t accept this. Even after Iraq and afganistan while US Economy has turned bank rupt. Zionist MNCs and Weapon industries took over the Global Humanity in your regime, Mr President. US children sleep without their daily meal, in your regime. Bush Economics has destroyed the Indigenous production system everywhere including United States of America. Peasnts worldwide have no way for survival. Capitalist development uproots peasnts from their homeland. New Global Order has made half of the peole worldwide Desettled, Refugees. Land is captured by the Ruling Class. Indigenous people are being annihilated by the Comradors of US imperialism worldwide. In India, Nandigarm, Singur, Kalingnagar and navi Mumbai are the symbols of the desatruction of indian villages, agro sector and the Indigenous people. In china also, the open market policy has played havoc in the life of chinese People. The middle class quoted by George Bush are benefitted most by the New Post Modern Manusmriti Apartheid Galaxy Order. They belong to sensex shining India and have no relation with the indigineous starving people.

Mr Bush, it may be true as far as the upsurge of so called purchasing power owning Middle Class in India, but the fact remeians that seventy eight percent of India are suffering food insecurity.Metroes are developed with ethnic cleansing of the Ruaral People by the global ruling calss consisting of all colors of political and ideological entities.
Mr Bush People starve becuase US MNCs led Ruling Nasdaq sensex class opt for Americanised XXX life style full of wine and women. They have captured all resources and Common people fastly tured in Have Nots starve worldwide! So, it happens in United states also.

Mr Bush, the United States and Mother Freedom may not bear the burden of your war Economics!

The comments come close on the heels of US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice's controversial statement that "apparent improvement" in the diets of people in India and China and consequent food export caps is among the causes of the current global food crisis.

At an interactive session on economy in Missouri, Bush argued that there are many factors for the present crisis, only one of which was investment on biofuels like ethanol.

"Worldwide there is increasing demand. There turns out to be prosperity in developing world, which is good. It's going to be good for you because you'll be selling products in the countries, you know, big countries perhaps, and it's hard to sell products into countries that aren't prosperous. In other words, the more prosperous the world is, the more opportunity there is," the US President said.

"It also, however, increases demand. So, for example, just as an interesting thought for you, there are 350 million people in India who are classified as middle class. That's bigger than America. Their middle class is larger than our entire population.

"And when you start getting wealth, you start demanding better nutrition and better food, and so demand is high, and that causes the price to go up," he said.

Bush also listed change in weather patterns and increase in basic costs like that of energy as factors contributing to higher food prices.

"No question that ethanol has had a part of it. But I simply do not subscribe to the notion that it is the main cost driver for your food going up," Bush said.

Several international experts have in recent days held biofuels, until recently cast as a miracle alternative to polluting fossil fuels, for being responsible for usurping arable land and distorting world food prices.

"Actually, the reason why food prices are high now is because, one, energy costs are high, and if you're a farmer, you're going to pass on your cost of energy in the products you sell, otherwise you'd go broke.

"And when you're paying more for your diesel, paying more for your fertiliser because it's got a lot of, you know, natural gas in it, in other words, when your basic costs are going up, so does the cost of food," Bush said.

He said there are two aspects of rising food prices -- its effect on US citizens and the fact that there is a food scarcity in the world.

"We don't have a scarcity issue in America...We got a price issue. Our shelves aren't going empty, it's just costing more money," Bush said.

"There is scarcity in the world, and I happen to believe when we find people who can't find food we ought to help them find it," he said adding, "America is by far the most generous nation when it comes to helping the hungry."

"We're an unbelievably compassionate nation," he said. "I think we ought to change our food policy in Africa and other developing countries...buying food directly from farmers as opposed to giving people food. I think we ought to be saying, 'Why don't we help you be able to deal with scarcity by encouraging your farmers to grow and be efficient growers? Otherwise, we're going to be in this cycle forever."

George Bush has proposed spending an additional $US770 million ($820 million) in emergency food assistance for poor countries, responding to rising food prices that have resulted in social unrest in several nations.

The President's proposal came days after Democrats in Congress called for increases and it received a largely positive response, although some Democrats criticised the fact that the additional aid would not be available until the next financial year, which begins in October.

"In some of the world's poorest nations, rising prices can mean the difference between getting a daily meal and going without food," Mr Bush said.

Food aid agencies commended the plan's flexibility and support for long-term agricultural sustainability, but they said more needs to be done to avert a humanitarian crisis.

Mr Bush's proposal underscored how quickly the global food crisis has risen to the top of Washington's agenda.

Global food prices rose 43 per cent between March last year and this year, Edward Lazear, chairman of the president's Council of Economic Advisers, said.

The $US770 million would be included in next year's budget, increasing total US food assistance to $US2.6 billion, the deputy budget director, Stephen McMillin, said. In the current year, the Administration has proposed spending $US2.3 billion, he said.

Senator Richard Durbin, the chamber's second-ranking Democrat, welcomed the President's proposal "as a sign of the magnitude of this problem". But another Democrat, Senator Robert Casey, said the Administration needed to endorse a swifter increase.

In his remarks, Mr Bush also called on other countries to ease trade barriers restricting agricultural imports or exports and to lift bans on genetically modified foods. He urged Congress to give the Government greater flexibility in dispersing assistance.


The US and the European Union have taken a "criminal path" by encouraging use of food crops to produce bio-fuels and thus contributing to an "explosive rise" in global food prices, the UN Special Rapporteur on the right to food has said.

Jean Ziegler held fuel policies pursued by the US and the EU to be main causes for the current worldwide food crisis.

Last year, the US used a third of its corn crop to create bio-fuels, while the European Union is planning to have 10 per cent of its need supplied by bio-fuels, he said and called for a for a five-year moratorium on the production of bio-fuels.

Ziegler also said that speculation on international markets was behind 30 per cent increase in food prices. Besides, hedge funds are also making huge profits from raw materials markets and called for new financial regulations to prevent such speculation.
The Special Rapporteur, in a press conference, warned of worsening food riots and a "horrifying" increase in deaths by starvation.

Meanwhile, speaking in Rome, a nutritionist with the UN World Food Programme (WFP), said that "global price rises mean that food is literally being taken out of the mouths of hungry children whose parents can no longer afford to feed them."

Andrew Thorne-Lyman said that even temporarily depriving children of the nutrients can leave permanent scars in terms of stunting their physical growth and intellectual potential.

Families in the developing world are "finding their buying power has been slashed by food price rises, meaning that they can buy less food or food which isn't as nutritious," he added.

Leftist extremist groups are "very active" in wide areas of impoverished rural eastern and Central India, the US State Department has said.

The Maoists also operate in parts of southern India, the State Department said in its latest annual report on terrorism.

It said hundreds of people were killed in conflicts between the government and various leftist extremist groups, such as Naxalites and the Communist Party of India (Maoists), and also in internecine war.

"The government of India is very concerned over the threat from leftist extremist groups to internal stability and democratic culture," it said.

The report mentioned that there were at least 971 Naxalite attacks in the first seven months of 2007 which, it said, was approximately equal to that of the entire previous year.

"The Leftist extremists are highly active across a wide swath of India, including the states of Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. They were also active in some areas of Orissa, Maharashtra and Karnataka," the report said.

On a visit to the Middle East, US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said she expected Israel to continue to dismantle barriers and asked the Jewish state not to "undermine" Palestinian forces as they deploy in the West Bank. (Report: E.Irvine for France 24)

All major political parties, including Congress, BJP and the Left, on Saturday lashed out at US President George W Bush for blaming the growing demand in India for the spiralling global food prices even as the Opposition also used the opportunity to attack the government.

Reacting sharply to the remark coming from Bush, most parties said a major reason for spiralling global food prices was diversion of land producing foodcrops in the US to bio-fuel production.

Minister of state for commerce Jairam Ramesh said Bush was "completely wrong" in his assessment.

The reaction in India comes after Bush repeated the statement a few days after his secretary of state Condoleezza Rice said the same thing.

Rice blamed rising prosperity of India’s huge middle class for the spiralling global food prices.

"George Bush has never been known for his knowledge of economics. And he has just proved once again how comprehensively wrong he is. To say that the demand for food in India is causing increase in global good prices is completely wrong," Ramesh said.

Congress criticised the US President saying the analysis was "completely erroneous" as India was not a food importer but a food exporter.

"India is a not a net food importer. It is a food exporter. The assumption that local prices are increasing because of a changed India is completely erroneous," AICC spokesperson Manish Tewari said, adding: "The crisis is actually because of diversion of arable land in the developed world for ethanol production and because of changes in the climate pattern."

While the Left parties blamed the "neoliberal economic policies imposed on India by the Bush administration", BJP used the US President’s statement to attack the Congress-led coalition at the Centre over its "failure" to control inflation.

"The statement by Bush fixes into the frame of irrelevancy of the statements of the UPA ministers. It is the same like Praful Patel saying that price rise is due to change in food habits," BJP spokesman Prakash Javadekar said.

He said there was bound to be greater demand for essential commodities as the economy grows and said it was the responsibility of planners and the government to ensure food supply and control prices at the same time.

"At a time when millions of people in India are unable to get enough food to eat and suffer from malnutrition, Bush’s insensible remarks about India’s prosperity affecting global food prices are adding insult to injury," CPM general secretary Prakash Karat said.

He said the US policy of subsidising and promoting bio-fuel out of crops was the major reason for the shortages and spurt in food prices.

"This is what President Bush has sought to cover up."

CPI leader D Raja blamed US policies for all major crises facing the world, particularly in energy and food sectors.

"The Bush administration is trying to cover up its own fault by shifting the blame to developing countries. It is the US which has shifted agricultural production from foodgrains to bio-fuel, thereby creating a food crisis and pushing up prices," he said. Raja described Bush’s comment as "a kind of racial statement" which blames India and China for heightened demand.

Raja added that India grew its own food and did not "exploit other nations like US imperialism".

Prosperity in countries like India is "good" but it triggers increased demand for "better nutrition" which in turn leads to higher food prices, Bush said.

U.S. Secretary of State
Condoleezza Rice on Sunday met Israel's defense minister to
discuss removing West Bank roadblocks as she began a day of
meetings that aim to speed up Israeli-Palestinian peace talks.

Let's get to work," Rice said as she sat down with Ehud
Barak, who heads the Israeli defense ministry and exerts great
influence over the network of checkpoints and roadblocks that
Israel argues it needs to prevent suicide bombings.


Palestinians view the barriers as collective punishment and
Palestinian Prime Minister Salam Fayyad, who is to join Rice in
a three-way meeting with Barak later in the morning, say they
blight the Palestinian economy.


Speaking before she arrived on Saturday for a two-day visit
to the region, Rice said she would assess Israel's steps on the
ground to see if they had improved the daily lives of
Palestinians, including promised removal of barriers.


"The first thing we are going to do is to review the ones
that were supposedly moved," Rice said, adding she wanted to
discuss with Israeli officials how significant those barriers
were to allowing greater movement for the Palestinians.


"Not all roadblocks are created equal," Rice said.


Rice met Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert after her
arrival in Jerusalem on Saturday night and will meet Palestinian
President Mahmoud Abbas on Sunday.


Abbas and Olmert, who are due to meet on Monday following
Rice's departure, agreed in November to resume peace talks with
the aim of reaching an agreement by the end of this year. The
peace negotiations have yet to show tangible progress.


After Rice's last trip in late March, Israel said it planned
to remove 61 barriers in the occupied West Bank. But a U.N.
survey subsequently found that only 44 obstacles had been
scrapped and that most were of little or no significance.


Western pressure is mounting on Olmert to do more to ease
travel restrictions and take other steps to shore up Abbas,
whose authority has been limited to the West Bank since Hamas
Islamists took over the Gaza Strip in June.


On Saturday, Abbas's security forces deployed to the
northern West Bank city of Jenin for a law-and-order campaign
meant to show the government is laying the ground for statehood.


Rice also plans to hold trilateral meetings with the top
peace negotiators, Israeli Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni and
Ahmed Qurei of the Palestinians.


U.S. officials are sensitive to the lack of demonstrable
progress in the talks and they hope to use a visit by U.S.
President George W Bush, who will travel to the region this
month to celebrate the 60th anniversary of Israel's founding, to
nudge them along.


Bush points food finger at India
K.P. NAYAR

http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080504/jsp/frontpage/story_9223624.jsp


Washington, May 3: India became the latest target of US President George W. Bush’s talent for verbal indiscretions when he said yesterday that demand for “better nutrition and better food” by Indians was one of the reasons for the looming global food crisis.

Answering a question about the challenge of rising food prices worldwide, Bush said: “Just as an interesting thought for you, there are 350 million people in India who are classified as middle class. That is bigger than America. Their middle class is larger than our entire population. And when you start getting wealth, you start demanding better nutrition and better food. And so demand is high, and that causes the price to go up.”

The latest “Bushism”, however, does not appear to be the result of any original thought by the President unlike his other faux pas which have already filled at least two volumes of books.

In this instance, Bush has merely borrowed the thoughts from his trusted aide, secretary of state Condoleezza Rice.

She said last week that “improvement in the diets of people, for instance, in China and India” was contributing to a food shortage because of rising demand.

But unlike her boss, the secretary of state made out a cogent case in support of her argument, laying out a full picture of the international food crisis.

According to Rice, “we obviously have to look at places where production seems to be declining and declining to the point that people are actually putting export caps on the amount of food”.

She made a case that in countries like India and China, it was not as much a problem of declining production as growing prosperity, which has pushed up demand resulting in “pressures to keep food inside the country”.

Bush’s tone was almost accusatory, as if Indians had no right to be prosperous and demand better things.

Of course, he did not dwell on the fact that because of the problem of plenty, Americans waste more food every year than could feed the poor of a continent.

Bush, however, was not unhappy with another aspect of India shining. “There turns out to be prosperity in developing world, which is good,” the President said. “It is going to be good for you because you will be selling products into countries — big countries perhaps — and it is hard to sell products into countries that aren’t prosperous. In other words, the more prosperous the world is, the more opportunity there is” for American businesses.

The real reason for the latest “Bushism” is, however, not hard to seek. The President’s reputation is that of a simple man, who is transparent and cannot cloak his real feelings in political correctness.

One interpretation here was that yesterday’s references to India were a manifestation of his disappointment that things were not moving ahead with India as Bush had hoped three years ago.

No nuclear deal, no quick orders for 126 multi-role combat aircraft... and on top of it all, as Bush saw it, Manmohan Singh, whom he considered a friend, had spent more than three hours a day earlier with someone Bush despises: Iran’s President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

It is also possible that the global food crisis was on his mind because an American, former undersecretary of state for economic affairs, Josette Sheeran, is director of the UN’s World Food Programme.

Knowing Bush, Sheeran framed the global crisis as a “silent tsunami” in terms that would catch Bush’s attention. It prompted a call by him to the US Congress to put up an additional $770 million in urgent food aid.





US eats 5 times more than India per capita
4 May 2008, 0100 hrs IST,Subodh Varma,TNN

http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/An_American_eats_5_times_more_than_an_Indian/articleshow/3008449.cms

Even as the world spins into a global food crisis, a popular theory — voiced by the likes of US President George W Bush and secretary of state Condoleezza Rice — is that the Chinese and Indians are responsible. The 'logic': due to zooming incomes, they are eating more, causing worldwide shortages. But is that true? ( Watch )

Due to their huge populations, countries like India and China may appear to consume gigantic amounts of food. But the real elephant in the room that nobody is willing to talk about is how much each person gets to eat. And the answer will shock many.

Total foodgrain consumption — wheat, rice, and all coarse grains like rye, barley etc — by each person in the US is over five times that of an Indian, according to figures released by the US Department of Agriculture for 2007.

Each Indian gets to eat about 178 kg of grain in a year, while a US citizen consumes 1,046 kg.

In per capita terms, US grain consumption is twice that of the European Union and thrice that of China. Grain consumption includes flour and by conversion to alcohol.

In fact, per capita grain consumption has increased in the US — so actually the Americans are eating more. In 2003, US per capita grain consumption was 946 kg per year which increased to 1046 kg last year.

By way of comparison, India’s per capita grain consumption has remained static over the same period. It’s not just grains. Milk consumption, in fluid form, is 78 kg per year for each person in the US, compared to 36 kg in India and 11 kg in China.

Vegetable oils consumption per person is 41 kg per year in US, while Indians are making do with just 11 kg per year. These are figures for liquid milk, not for cheese, butter, yogurt and milk powders which are consumed in huge proportion in the more advanced countries.

A significant proportion of India’s population is vegetarian, and so, this is all the food that they get, apart from vegetables and pulses. But the source of carbohydrates and fats is mainly derived from food grains and oils.

As far as meat consumption is concerned, the US leads the world in per capita consumption by a wide margin. Beef consumption, for example, is 42.6 kg per person per year, compared to a mere 1.6 kg in India and 5.9 kg in China. In case you are thinking that perhaps Indians might be going in for chicken, think again. In the US, 45.4 kg poultry meat is consumed every year by each person, compared to just 1.9 kg in India.

Pork consumption is negligible in India, while it is a major item elsewhere. In the European Union, 42.6 kg pork is consumed per person every year, while in the US, 29.7 kgs are consumed. Pork is a staple for Chinese, and so over 35 kg are consumed per person per year. And, we are not talking about various other types of meat, like turkey.
All these comparisons are for powerful economies, whether of the west or the east.

But the story would not be complete without mentioning the plight of Africa, where foodgrain consumption in 2007 was a mere 162 kg per year for each person, or about 445 grams per day. Don’t forget they are not getting any meat or milk products out there.

Perhaps, it is time to include the lifestyle choices of the West in the whole feverish debate on how to tackle the global food crisis.

These figures are collated by the US Department of Agriculture. US per capita grain consumption rose from 946 kg in 2003 to 1046 kg last year. India’s per capita consumption remained static in this period.
Bush bites into food debate, netas boil
4 May 2008, 0237 hrs IST,Chidanand Rajghatta,TNN
WASHINGTON: A preachy America and a prickly India are both mouthing off over the world food crisis.

Some of India’s political leadership was foaming at the mouth on Saturday after misconstruing US President George Bush’s remark that increasing prosperity in India had led to better diets, greater demand, and increasing prices, all of which had contributed to the global food crisis.

But the US President’s comments regarding India were more complimentary than condemnatory and the flaming reaction back home appeared completely misplaced, given the broad range of reasons the US president identified for the food crisis.

Asked about the rising food prices at an event in Missouri on Friday, Bush launched into an explanation about the increasing demand worldwide arising from greater prosperity in the developing world "which is good" because it enabled the US to sell products into big countries.

Bush then offered the example of India — "just as an interesting thought for you" — which he said has 350 million people who are classified as middle class. "That’s bigger than America. Their middle class is larger than our entire population. And when you start getting wealth, you start demanding better nutrition and better food. And so demand is high, and that causes the price to go up," he said.

Several US lawmakers and economists have referred in the same vein to the growing prosperity and increased consumption in China and India, but none have implied that the two countries should eat less or go hungry — the prickly interpretation being bandied by India’s tetchy politicians.

In fact, the India-China growth is just one of the reasons being advanced by what some economists are calling a "perfect storm" that is leading to a worldwide crisis. Bush and others have also referred to drought in various parts of the world and the role of an evolving bio-fuel policy.

While some economists and scientists have blamed the US and EU for the food crisis because of its excessive emphasis on bio-fuels leading to diversion of arable land and food crops to making energy, Bush defended the policy, calling himself "an ethanol person".

"The interim step to getting away from oil and gas is to go to ethanol and battery technologies for your automobiles. I think it makes sense for America to be growing energy. I’d much rather be paying our farmers when we go to the gas pump than paying some nation that may not like us," Bush said.

The role of bio-fuels in the escalating food crisis has been a more heated topic of discussion than the improving diets in China and India, both of which are self-sufficient in foodgrains and consume what they grow. Many US leaders and economists have criticized the heavy subsidies offered to wealthy American farmers, blaming the policy for diversion of farmland to growing bio-fuel crops like corn.

On Thursday, a US lawmaker turned up a press conference with a cob of corn, a box of cereal, and a dime, to argue that it was unfair to blame farmers for trying to get better returns by growing corn for bio-fuel. Not only was such corn inedible, but the farmers also made only a dime on each box of cereal if they grew food crops, maintained Senator Charles Grassley, one of the two farmers in the US Senate.

Food crisis: Rice blames it on better diet in India, China
29 Apr 2008, 1921 hrs IST,PTI

WASHINGTON: The "improvement in the diets of people in India and China", which is forcing the governments there to keep food "inside" is a cause for the current global supply shortage, US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice has said.

In an interactive session at the Peace Corps 2008 Country Directors Conference, Rice said the ongoing food crisis was mainly due to "four causes", even as she specifically pointed out the exchange rate and the simple "inability" of getting food to the people.

"There are, kind of, four causes that we really have to look at. Weve got to understand better what is happening in some conflict areas in terms of the distribution of food. Its obvious that there are places like Sudan, where weve had a sudden uptick in the inability to distribute food," Rice said.

The top Bush administration official said: "We obviously have to look at places where production seems to be declining and declining to the point that people are actually putting export caps on the amount of food.

"Now, some of that is not so much declining production as apparently improvement in the diets of people, for instance, in China and India, and then pressures to keep food inside the country. So, thats another element that we have to look at," she said.

The "incredible cost" that fuel prices, everything from fertilizer to transportation costs, was bringing on the ability to distribute or to get food to people, was identified as another factor by Rice.

The fourth factor was the one relating to "biofuels", which was "not a large part of the problem, but it may, in fact, be a part of the problem," she added.

Grain pain: Rationing in US as rice gets pricey
25 Apr 2008, 0056 hrs IST,Chidanand Rajghatta,TNN



WASHINGTON: Some outlets have begun rationing rice, the price of wheat flour has gone through the roof, there's no butter on store shelves, and gas at the pump is at an all-time high.

The usual developing country woes from Asia, Africa, and Latin America?

Try again. These are stories from the United States and Japan, the world's most advanced nations that bespeak prosperity and plenitude. Astonishing accounts of panic buying and rationing are surfacing from Tokyo to New York as world leaders are breaking out in cold sweat over tightening food supply chain.

On Wednesday, two of America's largest warehouse chains -- Wal-Mart's Sam's Club and rival Costco --imposed limits on purchase of rice, citing panic buying amid tightening supplies and rising prices.

Some Indian and Asian grocery stores also reported a run on rice as the perceived worldwide food shortage continued to make headlines, fed by the 24-hour news cycle.

Meanwhile, Japan, one of the world largest food importers, announced that it had exhausted its annual grain budget with two months remaining even as the country ran out of butter -- both as a consequence of rising prices and shortage of supply from countries such as Kazakhstan and Australia.

Assurances by US producers and grain analysts that there was enough cereal in the pipeline did little to arrest the panic in a country where forecast of a few inches of snow is enough to clear out the supermarket shelves. The tabloid New York Post story on the subject was headlined: Pain, No Grain.

Ironically, amid all this vexation, it was news from India that calmed the markets a bit.

The announcement from New Delhi that India would produce a bounteous harvest of wheat (and rice) this coming summer beat back wheat prices to a six-month low in the US market. With the US acreage under wheat also improving under good weather conditions, the International Grains Council has forecast a seven per cent increase in global wheat production.

India is now the world's second largest producer of both wheat and rice, and but for its appalling storage and distribution systems that wastes more than ten per cent of its harvest, it is in a position not only to feed itself but also help other countries.

In an interview to the Times of India earlier this week, Nobel laureate Dr Normal Borlaug, father of India's Green revolution, said there was still plenty of upside to food production in India and there was no need for panic.

"The only thing that has held back higher grain production is complacency. New techniques and technology is available to increase food production," Dr Borlaug said.

But that will take some time to kick in. For now though, it is panic stations from Tokyo to San Francisco, not to speak of Philippines to Haiti, where there have been reports of foot riots going beyond hoarding and rationing.

In fact, it is India's restriction on export of all rice, except for basmati, that is being blamed in part for the rice stampede. Other major rice producing countries such as China, Thailand, and Vietnam have also banned exports as they seek to first meet local demand. Similar action has followed among major wheat producing nations such as Ukraine and Kazakhstan.

The consequences of the developing world's mantra of feed-your-own-first has not been happy for the US, which has diverted some of its grain to bio-fuels, and Japan, which is the world's biggest net food importer. On Wednesday, Tokyo announced that it will ask the World Trade Organization as early as next week to introduce rules to prevent countries from restricting exports of wheat, rice and other grains.

Whether the move is a recipe for a new food fight in the international arena amid what appears to be needless panic is something that will unravel over the next few weeks.

Grain pain: Rationing in US as rice gets pricey

25 Apr 2008, 0056 hrs IST,Chidanand Rajghatta,TNN
WASHINGTON: Some outlets have begun rationing rice, the price of wheat flour has gone through the roof, there's no butter on store shelves, and gas at the pump is at an all-time high.

The usual developing country woes from Asia, Africa, and Latin America?

Try again. These are stories from the United States and Japan, the world's most advanced nations that bespeak prosperity and plenitude. Astonishing accounts of panic buying and rationing are surfacing from Tokyo to New York as world leaders are breaking out in cold sweat over tightening food supply chain.

On Wednesday, two of America's largest warehouse chains -- Wal-Mart's Sam's Club and rival Costco --imposed limits on purchase of rice, citing panic buying amid tightening supplies and rising prices.

Some Indian and Asian grocery stores also reported a run on rice as the perceived worldwide food shortage continued to make headlines, fed by the 24-hour news cycle.

Meanwhile, Japan, one of the world largest food importers, announced that it had exhausted its annual grain budget with two months remaining even as the country ran out of butter -- both as a consequence of rising prices and shortage of supply from countries such as Kazakhstan and Australia.

Assurances by US producers and grain analysts that there was enough cereal in the pipeline did little to arrest the panic in a country where forecast of a few inches of snow is enough to clear out the supermarket shelves. The tabloid New York Post story on the subject was headlined: Pain, No Grain.

Ironically, amid all this vexation, it was news from India that calmed the markets a bit.

The announcement from New Delhi that India would produce a bounteous harvest of wheat (and rice) this coming summer beat back wheat prices to a six-month low in the US market. With the US acreage under wheat also improving under good weather conditions, the International Grains Council has forecast a seven per cent increase in global wheat production.

India is now the world's second largest producer of both wheat and rice, and but for its appalling storage and distribution systems that wastes more than ten per cent of its harvest, it is in a position not only to feed itself but also help other countries.

In an interview to the Times of India earlier this week, Nobel laureate Dr Normal Borlaug, father of India's Green revolution, said there was still plenty of upside to food production in India and there was no need for panic.

"The only thing that has held back higher grain production is complacency. New techniques and technology is available to increase food production," Dr Borlaug said.

But that will take some time to kick in. For now though, it is panic stations from Tokyo to San Francisco, not to speak of Philippines to Haiti, where there have been reports of foot riots going beyond hoarding and rationing.

In fact, it is India's restriction on export of all rice, except for basmati, that is being blamed in part for the rice stampede. Other major rice producing countries such as China, Thailand, and Vietnam have also banned exports as they seek to first meet local demand. Similar action has followed among major wheat producing nations such as Ukraine and Kazakhstan.

The consequences of the developing world's mantra of feed-your-own-first has not been happy for the US, which has diverted some of its grain to bio-fuels, and Japan, which is the world's biggest net food importer. On Wednesday, Tokyo announced that it will ask the World Trade Organization as early as next week to introduce rules to prevent countries from restricting exports of wheat, rice and other grains.

Whether the move is a recipe for a new food fight in the international arena amid what appears to be needless panic is something that will unravel over the next few weeks.

Asian bank in food crisis warning

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/7381916.stm

Rice production in Indonesia
Lower food production and rising demand are being blamed

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has warned that the crisis of rising food prices could reverse gains made in reducing poverty across the continent.

Bank president Haruhiko Kuroda warned at its annual meeting in Madrid that "the cheap food era may be over".

Donor countries have pledged more than $11bn (£5.5bn) to a fund to ease the hardship of Asia's poorest people.

Meanwhile, the African Development Bank has pledged an extra $1bn for its loans portfolio to tackle the food crisis.

UN shortfall

The BBC's Alan Johnston says food prices are the key issue on the minds of the thousands of government officials and business figures who have gathered in Madrid.

ADB president Mr Kuroda said it was critically important to provide financing for development projects in rural Asian areas.

Beggars in India. File pic
Asia is home to about two-thirds of the world's poor

He said that progress made in the great effort to lift millions out of poverty could be reversed.

The rising cost of food is helping to fuel inflation, which the bank predicts will rise to more than 5% across Asia this year - the highest level since the Asian financial crisis a decade ago.

The cost of the benchmark Thai variety of rice is about $1,000 a tonne, three times the cost at the time of the bank's last meeting a year ago.

Poor harvests, global warming, increasing demand and the transfer of food land to biofuel production have all been blamed as factors in the crisis.

Developing countries have implemented a range of policies to try to tackle the problem.

The most recent moves include an immediate 25% pay rise for public sector workers in Syria, in an effort to offset the effects of rising food prices and dearer heating oil.

In Egypt - where there has unrest over food prices - President Hosni Mubarak recently announced an increase of about 30% in public sector wages.

And Bangladesh's garment manufacturers' association has said it will distribute subsidised rice to thousands of low-paid workers.

Curbing exports

Asia has two-thirds of the world's poor, with about 1.7 billion people earning $2 a day or lower.

Major rice producers like Vietnam and India are limiting exports to secure domestic supply.

Last month, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon announced a high-level task force to deal with the global food crisis.

Its first priority, Mr Ban said, was to close a $755m funding gap in the UN's World Food Programme (WFP), caused by the rising cost of food aid.

Mr Ban warned of "widespread hunger, malnutrition and social unrest on an unprecedented scale" because of soaring food prices.

The WFP believes 100 million people are currently going short of food.

UN expert: food crisis is a human rights emergency

07:01 PM CDT on Friday, May 2, 2008
http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/stories/050308dnint.2b964f9.html

Associated Press

UNITED NATIONS – The U.N. Human Rights Council should meet urgently to spotlight the global food crisis as a human rights emergency affecting at least 100 million people whose right to adequate food is being massively violated, a U.N. expert said Friday.

Olivier De Schutter, the council's new independent expert on the right to food, said a special session of the human rights body would bring into the debate over rising food prices and global shortages "the human right to adequate food which for the moment has been totally absent."

"If we had a hundred million people arrested in a dictatorial regime, if we had a hundred million persons beaten up by police, of course we would be marching on the streets and we'd be convening special sessions of the Human Rights Council," De Schutter said, during a news conference. "Every single one of these hundred million individuals deserves the same degree of attention from the international community."

He expressed hope that the Geneva-based Human Rights Council could hold a special session on May 22 or May 23, ahead of a high-level international meeting in Rome from June 3-5 which organizers hope will lead to global action on multiple fronts to tackle the food crisis.

De Schutter, a law professor at the University of Louvain in Belgium and currently a visiting professor at Columbia University's Law School in New York, said the consequences of the food crisis "are immense."

Food prices on international markets have almost doubled in three years, 100 million persons are threatened with not having enough to eat, according to the World Bank, and efforts to reduce global poverty are being set back by 5-10 years, De Schutter said.

"The human right to adequate food, as recognized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, ... should be treated as a right equally important as the rights not to be subject to arbitrary detention or freedom of expression," De Schutter said.

In order for the council to hold a special session, 16 of its 47 members – one third of the total – must ask for one.

The council was created in March 2006 to replace the widely discredited and highly politicized Human Rights Commission.

"The Human Rights Council was established as a standing body so it would be able to respond to human rights emergencies," De Schutter said. "This is one, and the council should not remain silent."

He said the right to food is "far too important to be left to politics" and he expressed hope that 16 countries can be found to back his call for a special session.

De Schutter said a special session would have great value "not only at the symbolic level but also because practical consequences would follow from defining the ... crisis as a massive violation of the right to adequate food."

He said it would have consequences in terms of international cooperation among states "who are acting at the moment unilaterally, undercutting one another's efforts with beggar-thy-neighbor policies."

De Schutter said the crisis could have been mitigated if countries had put in place safety nets and measures protecting the right to adequate food.

"This is not a natural disaster. It's not an earthquake. It's a crisis which is man-made. We know what the causes are," he said. "We can act on these causes."

But De Schutter expressed fear that the international community will only react with emergency measures.

He said measures already taken by countries – including restrictions or bans on food exports, lowered import tariffs to make food affordable, strengthened social safety nets and distribution of food to the neediest – "are all important, justifiable, legitimate, although sometimes they annul one another."

But De Schutter said these measures "should not blind us to the fact that this crisis has structural causes on which we should act" immediately.

First, he said, "it is irresponsible to continue pursuing in such a blind fashion our bio-energy policies."

De Schutter called for an immediate freeze on new investments on turning corn, wheat, and other food crops into fuel for cars and trucks.

"And we should discuss in an open and transparent manner whether the current levels of production of bio-diesel, bio-ethanol, which are not so bio, should continue," he said.

De Schutter called for increased support for agriculture in developing countries, noting that in 1980 World Bank lending for agriculture was 30 percent and by last year it dropped to 12 percent.

He called for a global trade deal which considers the impact of agricultural subsidies not only on producers but on non-producers who might be hit with higher prices if subsidies are removed.

As for food production and distribution, De Schutter said power is often in the hands of a limited number of actors who have immense power in dictating prices.

"I would like to have an open dialogue with them," he said. "I would like to explore the plans they have to act responsibly and to respect the human right to adequate food in their activities."

De Schutter said he will also be "exploring ways to limit the impacts of speculative investments."

The increase in food prices "has been very much encouraged and has accelerated due to speculative investments," he said. "There are ways to insulate food prices from the risks and the volatility which are the result of these speculative movements of funds, but for this we need to act as one single community."

After the Oil Crisis, a Food Crisis?

Fresh baby corn is unloaded and prepared for shipment to the UK in Kibwezi, Kenya
Fresh baby corn is unloaded and prepared for shipment to the UK in Kibwezi, Kenya
Evelyn Hockstein / Polaris

Is the world headed for a food crisis? India, Mexico and Yemen have seen food riots this year. Argentines boycotted tomatoes during the country's recent presidential elections when the vegetable became more expensive than meat; and in Italy, shoppers organized a one-day boycott of pasta to protest rising prices. In late October, the Russian government, hoping to ease tensions ahead of parliamentary elections early next year, announced a price freeze for milk, bread and other foods through the end of January.

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What's the cause for these shortages and price hikes? Expensive oil, for the most part.

The United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) reported last week that, at nearly $100 a barrel, the price of oil has sent the cost of food imports skyrocketing this year. Add in escalating crop prices, the FAO warned, and a direct consequence could soon be an increase in global hunger — and, as a consequence, increased social unrest. Faced with internal rumblings, "politicians tend to act to protect their own nationals rather than for the good of all," says Ali Ghurkan, a Rome-based FAO analyst who co-authored the report. Because of the lack of international cooperation, he adds, "Worldwide markets get tighter and the pain only lasts longer."

What's more, worldwide food reserves are at their lowest in 35 years, so prices are likely to stay high for the foreseeable future. "Past shocks have quickly dissipated, but that's not likely to be the case this time," says Ghurkan. "Supply and demand have become unbalanced, and... can't be fixed quickly."

The world's food import bill will rise in 2007 to $745 billion, up 21% from last year, the FAO estimated in its biannual Food Outlook. In developing countries, costs will go up by a quarter to nearly $233 billion. The FAO says the price increases are a result of record oil prices, farmers switching out of cereals to grow biofuel crops, extreme weather and growing demand from countries like India and China. The year 2008 will likely offer no relief. "The situation could deteriorate further in the coming months," the FAO report cautioned, "leading to a reduction in imports and consumption in many low-income food-deficit countries."

Hardest hit will likely be sub-Saharan Africa, where many of the world's poorest nations depend on both high-cost energy as well as food imports. Cash-poor governments will be forced to choose between the two, the FAO says, and the former has almost always won out in the past. That means more people will go malnourished. Further exacerbating the problem are the current record prices for freight shipping brought on by record fuel prices. An estimated 854 million people, or one in six in the world, already don't have enough to eat, according to the World Food Programme.

Nearly every region of the world has experienced drastic food price inflation this year. Retail prices are up 18% in China, 17% in Sri Lanka and 10% or more throughout Latin America and Russia. Zimbabwe tops the chart with a more than a 25% increase. That inflation has been driven by double-digit price hikes for almost every basic foodstuff over the past 12 months. Dairy products are as much as 200% more expensive since last year in some countries. Maize prices hit a 10-year high in February. Wheat is up 50%, rice up 16% and poultry nearly 10%.

On the demand side, one of the key issues is biofuels. Biofuels, made from food crops such as corn, sugar cane, and palm oil, are seen as easing the world's dependence on gasoline or diesel. But when crude oil is expensive, as it is now, these alternative energy sources can also be sold at market-competitive prices, rising steeply in relation to petroleum.

With one-quarter of the U.S. corn harvest in 2007 diverted towards biofuel production, the attendant rise in cereal prices has already had an impact on the cost and availability of food. Critics worry that the gold rush toward biofuels is taking away food from the hungry. Jean Ziegler, the U.N. Special Rapporteur on The Right to Food, recently described it as a "crime against humanity" to convert food crops to fuel, calling for a five-year moratorium on biofuel production.

Leaders in the biofuel industry respond that energy costs are more to blame for high food prices than biofuels. "Energy is the blood of the world, so if oil goes up then other commodities follow," Claus Sauter, CEO of German bioenergy firm Verbio said following Ziegler's comments. Others argue that cleaner-burning biofuels could help stem the effects of climate change, another factor identified by the FAO as causing food shortages. Ghurkan notes that scientists believe climate change could be behind recent extreme weather patterns, including catastrophic floods, heat waves and drought. All can diminish food harvests and stockpiles. But so can market forces.


Food crisis still playing out on world trade - U.S.

Sun May 4, 2008 1:59pm IST

[-] Text [+]

By Ed Davies

NUSA DUA, Indonesia (Reuters) - Soaring food prices could encourage nations to remove barriers on food imports, but there is also a risk panic over food could hurt global trade, U.S. Trade Representative Susan Schwab told Reuters on Sunday.

Progress has been made in talks over a long-delayed global trade deal, although a renewed push was needed in some areas to meet a goal of passing the Doha round this year, she said.

Schwab, who was attending a Southeast Asian trade meeting on the Indonesian resort of Bali, said it was only just becoming clear what impact the food crisis was having on world trade.

"It seems to be sort of a push me, pull you kind of impact," she said, noting that Doha could get impetus from countries bringing down barriers on food imports, but adding that new trade distortions could also emerge from worries over access to food.

"Which really would hurt the Doha round, because it flies in the face of what you should really be doing, which is really eliminating as many distortions as you can so you have a free flow of food," she said.

Countries including India, Vietnam, Indonesia and Brazil have imposed curbs on food exports in a bid to secure domestic supplies and limit inflation, spooking big food importers.

In Asia, in particular, concern over rice prices is growing after several countries imposed export restrictions.

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Food crisis is silent tsunami - UN envoy

The new United Nations Food envoy, Olivier De Schutter, has described food shortages affecting 100m people as a 'silent tsunami'.

Protests, strikes and riots have erupted in developing countries around the world after big rises in the prices of wheat, rice, corn, oils and other essential foods that have made it difficult for poor people to make ends meet.

Mr De Schutter criticised the concentration of economic power in the hands of a few large multinational companies that provide seeds and fertiliser, process food and distribute it.

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He said he wanted curbs on investors speculating on raw materials and said it was time for a radical re-think on biofuels.

'If we had 100m persons arrested in a dictatorial regime, if we had 100m persons beaten up by police, of course we'd be marching in the streets and we'd be convening special sessions,' Mr De Schutter said.

He said he wanted the Geneva-based Human Rights Council to hold a special session later this month to complement efforts by other international agencies to tackle the crisis and to establish it as a human rights issue.

One third of the 47 members of the council, or 16 countries, would need to request a special session.

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon announced earlier this week that he was launching a task force to ensure a solid, coordinated international response to the food crisis.

Economists have linked food supply strains to factors including high fuel and fertiliser costs, the use of crops for biofuels and market speculation.

'This is not a natural disaster, it's not an earthquake, it's a crisis that is man-made,' said Mr De Schutter.

He called for urgent action in several areas, including a freeze on new investment in biofuels and for US and European Union targets for biofuel use to be abandoned.

The previous rapporteur, Jean Ziegler, said last year that the conversion of food crops to ethanol production was a 'crime against humanity'.

Mr De Schutter said he was aware that his predecessor had been seen as divisive and said he did not want to politicise the issue of food.

He urged greater investment in agriculture in developing countries where he said the proportion of overseas aid and World Bank lending for farming had fallen for 25 years.

He also said states should regulate companies better.

Finally, he said the rise in commodity prices had been fueled by speculation on the part of investment funds and he wanted to consult with experts on ways 'to limit the impact of speculative investors' on food prices.

Food crisis increasing poverty

Story by JEFF OTIENO
Publication Date: 5/4/2008

The rising price of food is sending shivers down the spines of many world leaders who are aware that the skyrocketing prices have the potential effect of causing a “real economic and humanitarian tsunami in developing countries”.

Haitians take to the streets to protest the increase in food prices. Photo/FILE
The World Bank estimates that food prices have increased by 83 per cent in the last three years, presenting a real risk of starvation to an estimated 100 million poor people who will be unable to afford food.

And with Africa being one of the world’s poorest continents, it is most likely to feel the pinch more and on a wider scale. Already, there have been food riots in Egypt, Ivory Coast, Senegal, Ethiopia and Burkina Faso. To underline the seriousness of the food crisis, African Finance ministers said in a statement that the rise in the cost of food threatened the continent’s growth, peace and security.

However, the shortage is not peculiar to African nations. There have been food riots in Indonesia, the Philippines and Haiti. In Haiti, the riots led to the death of five people and the prime minister’s resignation.

The food shortage has become such a weighty issue that United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has termed it a global crisis. UN Food and Agricultural Organisation chief Jacques Diouf says immediate efforts to cushion the blow should focus on helping farmers in developing countries grow more crops. Josette Sheeran, the World Food Program’s executive director, has said that requests for food aid are already coming in from countries unable to cope with the rising prices.

But why is the world facing a food shortage?

Global population growth is one of the factors being blamed for the high food prices. Food production used to increase at a higher rate than population growth thanks to research in crop and animal production and modern methods of farming.

However, some scientists feel that the population growth rate has caught up and could even surpass food production rates if urgent measures are not taken.

Prices of the most basic foodstuffs traded on international commodity markets are increasing sharply as their demand continues to increase against declining supplies. And this is a trend expected to continue. In 2000, the world’s population was 6.1 billion and the UN estimates that by 2050, the world’s population will be at 9.8 billion.

The price of wheat, for example, has doubled in less than a year, while other staples such as corn, maize and soya are trading at well above their averages in the 1990s. Rice and coffee prices are at a 10-year high, and in some countries, milk and meat prices have more than doubled.

FAO and World Bank also cite the emerging economies of the highly populated countries such as India and China as playing a major role in pushing up prices. The economic growth is pushing more and more people into the middle class translating in increased demand for meat, dairy products and processed foods.

FAO research shows that in China, for example, meat consumption per capita in 1980 was 20kg. In 2007, this increased to 50kg. The increased consumption rate is pushing up prices beyond the reach of the poor.

Studies done by the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s leading environment organisation, provides a third reason for the crisis: misuse of resources is turning more acres of land which would have hitherto been used for food production into deserts.

As a result, UNEP says, irregular rainfall patterns and flooding are becoming a common feature in the world’s major food producers, including developing countries in Africa, thus affecting agricultural production.

Climate change and its impact on general livelihood in the world has forced developed countries to look for alternative sources of clean energy. The shift from agricultural production to the lucrative business of biofuels has seen food literally being used to fuel industry and automobiles. Biofuels such as ethanol are produced from renewable biological resources like corn.

In addition to trying to reduce pollution, developed nations sought biofuels to counter high oil prices. Oil prices are being driven up by increased demand from industrialised and industrialising countries, against declining supply caused mainly by resource depletion and political instability in source markets.

These high prices are mostly felt in developing countries where the system of food production and distribution is heavily dependent on oil and other fossil fuels for processing, packaging, storing and transportation.

However, not everybody in the world is complaining. The Bretton Woods Institute says the main beneficiaries of the current situation are farmers in rich and emerging market nations like the US, Brazil, Argentina, Canada and Australia, who are making record profits for their harvests.

For developing countries, the World Bank has called for targeted subsidies to help the poor. The UN’s World Food Programme has already sent an appeal for $500 million (Sh32.5billion) to provide emergency food aid.

Global food crisis: US feels the pinch
Though US President George W Bush offered $770 million as international food aid for countries struggling with food riots, the problem of high food prices is not just in countries miles away.

Even in America, high food and petrol prices are squeezing poor families across the United States.

The shock that Americans were getting at the gas pump is now being felt at the supermarkets too.

According to a report by the US Labour Department, food inflation is up more than five per cent over the last three months of 2008. And that's up from 4.9 per cent as reported in 2007.

The staples of an American diet are costlier today. The cost of bread is up 16 per cent. Milk, bananas and peanut butter up by over 10 per cent. Eggs are up by 30 per cent and meat about 5 per cent.

For the first time since the Second World War, when items like petrol, light bulbs and stockings were rationed, US wholesale stores like Costco have rationed bulk sales of rice.

''I am afraid that prices are going to go up further so I am buying more now. I used to buy one pack of rice now I am buying three,'' says a customer Elizabeth Railatu.

To get food to the market, you need trucks and trains, which run on oil and gasoline, whose price has soared nearly 70 per cent in the past three years.

In a bid to reduce dependence on foreign oil, the Bush administration has promoted the use of food-based biofuels such as ethanol as alternative energy sources.

With oil on the boil, the use of biofuels and domestic and global economic growth increasing, in the US, the impact of the global food crisis is being felt at the gas pump and in the grocery. For the fist time in decades, Americans are learning to budget for food.

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Wednesday, April 30, 2008

Ruling Marxist hegemony in Bengal treats Gorkhaland as a foreign territory!
Palash Biswas

Tourists should not visit Darjeeling - the popular hill station of West Bengal - this summer due to unrest!Darjeeling hills have come alive with fresh demands for a separate state for the Gorkha people, with protests threatening tea and tourism industries.

West Bengal Urban development minister, the Don of Marxist gestapo in North Bengal warned amidst High Voltage Tension in Hills with Gorkha Janmukti Morcha declaring separatist agenda.

We all know the incidents in nandigram where the ruling Left Front depeneded on Laxman Seth. CPIM not only gave Seth freehand to acqire land for a Chemical Hub for notorius Salem group in Indonesia allied with Dows, the specialists of Chemical warfare. We all know the results.

But the Gorkhaland issue happens to be more suicidal not only for the ruling Hegemony in Bengal , but also for the nationstate India. Indian Foreign Policy always has been dictated by US Imperialism after the disintegration of Soviet Union. We have virtually no friends in neighbourhood. Particularly, Indian ruling class did its best to try for the impossibl survival of Hindu monarchy in Nepal. New delhi never had the vision to see the wall writing and at last the Maoist romped home with landslide Victory.

Mind you, Naxal Bari insurrection failed not politically, but militarily. Indian statepower had the deadly strikepower to crush the maoist Insurrection. Even in North east, the insurgency is dealt with some trouble because the Militants have hardly any lifeline as they enjoy in Kashir or they enjoyed in Punjab. The scenerio has changed. Naxalites had no outside help. Naxal leadersd visited china and china did not oblige.

In the Himalayan region, it has to be noted, Gurkhas, Kumaoonies, garwalies, Nagas and other militant nationalities do happen as the supply line of manpower in Indian Defence forces. you may get so many of them expert in Military affairs. If they get a lifeline opened via Nepal, thgey are militarily capable for playing Havoc this time. forget seventies and eighties. This awesome challange is underestimated by Delhi as well as Kolkata. The marxist Gestapo is well equipped to crush any popular Insurrection like nandigram, true. But it is not well efficient to cope with any Military Challange. The maoist have proved that in different parts of Bengal.Even the statepower has to face unwanted complications to deal with Civil war like situation in Mid himalaya zone as it is already engaged in Kashmir and entire North East. Since Independence, Indian State never addressed the nationality issue and always opted for Military solution like continuing AFPSA alon the Himalayan zone. rather the tried to sort out the problems relating Nationality movements in three parts of mainstream India. The Ruling class led by Sangh Pariwar, the torch bearer of Hindu Nation, created three minor states to dilute nationality Movement in Jharkhand, chhattish gargh and Uttarakhand.But the Ruling class have miserably failed as the Nationality movement continues in all the three states led by Maoists!

It is quite a vague affair why the Ruling marxist Hegemony depend so much on gestapo Heads like laxman Seth and Ashok Bhattachary?

The Gorkha Janamukti Morcha, demanding a separate state of Gorkhaland, has taken its war to the doorstep of the centre and the West Bengal governments. It has called on people to stop paying taxes, stop power generation and lay a siege around Siliguri.THE GORKHA Janamukti Morcha, agitating for a separate state of Gorkhaland in the hills of Darjeeling and wanting to include the foothills of Siliguri and the Dooars, seems to be heading for a serious confrontation with both the state and the central governments.

Thus, the Ruling marxist Hegemony neglecting central advice for dialogue, treats the Hills, Gorkhland a foreign territory. The situation is well fit for another Armed Forces Special Power act zone as the State Power is well accustomed of. Bizarrely, it was a television show, India’s version of American Idol, that lit the fire of Gorkhaland in September, two decades after the end of an insurgency among ethnic Nepalis in eastern India that left more than 1,200 people dead.Frenzied canvassing for a local boy, ethnic Nepali, or Gorkha, policeman Prashant Tamang, metamorphosised into a political upsurge that has ushered in a new king of the hills. Politician Bimal Gurung surfed the wave of ethnic pride unleashed by the television contest and now is hoping it will carry his people towards Gorkhaland, a separate state carved out of West Bengal they have been demanding for many decades.

“We are anticipating political unrest revolving around the fast-till-death resolution of Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM) supporters starting Thursday in demand of organising political meetings and rallies at Siliguri town in Darjeeling district. Tourists are requested not to visit Darjeeling this summer, or else they will have to face problems like scarcity of water, black outs and frequent road blockades,” Bhattacharya told IANS.

“The GJM supporters led by Bimal Gurung have asked the hill people to stop paying all taxes, electricity and telephone bills. So there is every possibility that the communication between the hills and the plains in the district will suffer,” he added.

The morcha supporters want complete statehood for Darjeeling instead of a Sixth Schedule status that has granted greater autonomy for the region since 2005.

Gurung was expelled from Subash Ghisingh’s Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) for “anti-party” activities.

Peeved over the West Bengal administration's refusal to allow rallies to be held in Siliguri, the Morcha leadership has decided to take the governments both at the state and the centre head on.

Apart from its decision to start a fast-unto-death from tomorrow (May 1), in a slew of measures it has decided to give the governments a rough time. It has called on people in the hills of Darjeeling, Kurseong and Kalimpong to stop paying land and house taxes to the state government, stop paying telephone bills of BSNL and if necessary surrender their telephones and worse, it has vowed to ensure that the two hydel power projects in the hills in Jaldhaka and Rammam are made to stop production.

In addition, in another dangerous move, the Morcha activists will lay a siege and gherao Siliguri, which, it is feared, will also bring it into direct confrontation with the people in the foothills leading to communal tension or even clashes.

The measures were announced by the president of the Morcha Bimal Gurung, who seems to be exercising absolute control over the people in the hills in much the same way that Subhas Ghisingh did in his heydays and after, as the supremo of the Gorkha National Liberation Front. It is becoming increasingly evident that the movement in the hills, which has been dormant for close to two decades, has reared its ugly head and is in the hands of a different generation of leaders who may pose a much bigger danger than Ghisingh may have done.

Ghisingh's main weapons were initially indefinite bandhs, leading to economic blockades and violence. His party workers confronted the CPI (M) cadres in the hills, the police and personnel of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF). Ghisingh had also ensured that he keeps the centre on his side during the Rajiv Gandhi era and maintained his own line of communication with the then home minister Buta Singh. The centre at that stage frequently needled the Left Front government, and had covertly and overtly, created situations where Ghisingh became emboldened to do what he did to press home his demand for a separate state while finally setting for the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC), which he headed for years.

The Morcha seems to be bent on antagonising both the state and the centre, which to say the least, is tantamount to sending ominous portents for the sensitive region, hemmed in by Bangladesh, Bhutan and Nepal.

“This is the last fight,” the 44-year-old Gurung said. “Till the last drop of my blood, I will fight this battle until we have a Gorkhaland state for the Gorkhas.” The green, white and yellow flags of his Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) fly from homes, shops and cars all around Darjeeling and nearby towns, bunting criss-crosses above the main streets.

“We want the right of self-determination within the Indian constitution,” he said. “We would not like to repeat the violence of 20 years ago. All protests will be held in a democratic and peaceful manner.”
Peace broke out in 1988 when Gorkha champion leader Subhash Ghising compromised with New Delhi, accepting limited autonomy under a new Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council, which he then led.
Two decades on, Gurung says Ghising betrayed the cause, and complains the Gorkha people are still neglected, pointing to the appalling state of roads, water and public services in the hills.

Over two decades ago, the Gorkha National Liberation Front had resorted to long drawn bandhs and bloody violence to demand a separate state of Gorkhaland. Today, another generation plans to walk from the hills to dusty Kolkata for the same demand.

Over the past few months, the GJM has been organising rallies and protests in Darjeeling Hills to press their demand for a Gorkhaland state.

The powerful Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) has favoured the Central Government's move to create an autonomous self-governing Gorkha Hill Council in Darjeeling under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution.

But the GJM, a breakaway faction of the GNLF, led by Bimal Gurung, has vehemently opposed it.The party’s symbols are the sun, the Himalayan mountains and two crossed kukris—the heavy, curved knife used by the famously fierce Gorkha soldiers from Nepal and India.

In what would only add to the state government’s trouble on the Darjeeling Hill issue, the Gorkha Jan Mukti Morcha has called for non-payment of all sorts of central and state taxes including the BSNL telephone and electricity bills across the Hills from 1 May.
The GJMM’s call to boycott taxes comes as a mark of protest to the state government’s persistent de-nial in allowing the GJMM to hold a public rally in Sil-iguri in favour of its Go-rkhaland demand.
The Hill party has also called for an indefinite hunger strike on the same issue from 1 May, which is to be simultaneously carried out in Darjeeling, Kalimpong, Kurseong, Siliguri and the Dooars.

In December 2007, the Central Government deferred the consideration by Parliament of a Constitution Amendment Bill to create an autonomous self-governing Gorkha Hill Council in Darjeeling reportedly under pressure from the opposition Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

The government has referred the Bill to a Parliamentary Standing Committee as demanded by the opposition.

GNLF launched the agitation for a separate state in 1980, but dropped the demand for Sixth Schedule after New Delhi agreed to confer partial autonomy in 1988 for the Nepalese-speaking people.

Meanwhile,Vete-ran Naxalite leader and the CPI-ML general secretary, Mr Kanu Sanyal has come down heavily on the state government for persistent-tly denying permission to the Gorkha Jan Mukti M-orcha for holding a public rally in Siliguri.
“This is completely an undemocratic decision and the way the CPI-M led state government is beha-ving, it feels like as if we are living in an autocracy,” the Naxal veteran said today.
Terming the denial to GJMM to hold a public rally in Siliguri as a CPI-M ploy to ‘incite communal tension’, Mr Sanyal alleged that the ruling party was ‘trying to exploit’ the issue for electoral gains in the ensuing panchayat polls in the state.
“I don’t think that the sky would break upon if the GJMM holds a public rally in Siliguri. If the administration is apprehensive of a law and order situation in view of such a meeting, it can always de-ploy additional force to ward off the same. But by making law and order an excuse, the democratic right of peaceful gathering can never be curbed,” Mr Sanyal said.
Carrying on his criticism at the CPI-M, Mr Sanyal alleged that the CPI-M ru-led Siliguri Municipal Corporation had also denied the CPI-ML to organise a public meeting at the Baghajatin Park in Siliguri on 23 April, despite the fact that a permission was sought almost a week before.
“In that case, we had organised the meeting right at the Venus More in the town. It resulted in public inconvenience, but we had no other option to give a befitting replying to the autocratic gesture,” the CPI-ML general secretary said.
Announcing the boycott in a Press conference at the DGHC resort ‘Pintail Village’ in Siliguri this afternoon, the GJMM president Mr Bimal Gur-ung said, the tax and bill boycott program would continue unless and until the state government granted the GJMM permission for a rally in Siliguri.
Adding further on the issue, the Darjeeling Hill’s new strongman said, in ca-se of telephone bills, the b-oycott would be applicable only to the BSNL landpho-ne, while the state-run telecom giant’s mobile services would be spared.
Reacting to a query as what would happen if the power-supplying agency disconnected the lines due to non-payment of the bills, Mr Gurung said: “In that case, we would cut off the main supply lines that carry power to the plains from the various power plants located in the Hills.”
Alleging that it was the state urban development minister and the Siliguri MLA, Mr Asok Bhatt-ach-arya who was actually instrumental in not allowing a GJMM rally in Siliguri, the GJMM president cautioned that if the state government does not budge from its stand, the people of the Hills would come out on the streets and thus a grave law and order situation would be created.
Mr Gurung also deman-ded that the state urban development minister sh-ould seek a public apo-lo-gy for allegedly referring the Hill people as ‘foreigners’.
“Instead of making indirect comment that he has not termed the Hill people ‘foreigners’, let Mr Bhattacharya seek a public apology for the remark and once he does that, he would be free to move anywhere in the Hills and carry out public meetings,” Mr Gurung said. Referring to the proposed indefinite strike slated for 1 May, the GJMM president today said, in case of Siliguri, the fasting venue would be the Siliguri SDO office campus. Earlier, the party was planning to organise the Siliguri leg of the hunger strike near Darjeeling More in the town.
Gorkha Janmukti Morcha chief Bimal Gurung threatened to blackout Siliguri by disrupting work at the hydro-electric plants in the hills that feed the trade hub’s power lines.In Darjeeling, Morcha secretary Roshan Giri said the party had postponed its march to Calcutta with 10,001 supporters. It will be held after May 25, when the matches of the Indian Premier League get over.Tourists to the hill town had to make last-minute changes to their travel plans today as taxi syndicates in Darjeeling decided to take a large part of the day off to espouse the cause of Gorkhaland.

With the party's stakes high in the next month's panchayat elections in West Bengal, the CPI(M) on Tuesday said 'anti-Marxist forces' were ganging up to thwart it and the Left Front to retain control in the zilla parishads and the panchayats.

"The Polit Bureau heard a report on the forthcoming panchayat elections in West Bengal. All anti-Marxist forces are combining in a mahajot (grand alliance) to fight the Left Front," Karat told reporters after a Polit Bureau meeting.

His comment came in the backdrop of the Congress, Trinamool Congress, BJP and other opposition forces in the state striking ground-level adjustments in several districts for the three-tier panchayat polls, though Trinamool Congress chief Mamata Banerjee was against a tie-up with Congress or the BJP.

The CPI(M) has already alleged that the Trinamool Congress had links with Maoists in Bankura, Purulia, West Midnapur and Birbhum districts.

He said the Politburo strongly condemned the killings of CPI(M) cadre, and activists by Maoists.

"What is most disturbing in the panchayat election campaign is that the self-styled Maoists have now started killing important cadres and activists," he said, adding that 13 had been killed this year.

With Lok Sabha elections scheduled next year, the panchayat elections are crucial in the Left-ruled state where the Marxists dominate most of the zilla parishads and gram panchayats and panchayat samities with a stronghold in the countryside.

Subash Ghisingh also took his rivals’ line in demanding Gorkhaland, trying to pave the way for a comeback to Darjeeling a day before putting in his papers as the hill council’s caretaker administrator. His party, the GNLF, had been harping on statehood since it realised how the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha was making use of it to muster support.

In a letter to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, Ghisingh’s “subject” reads: “Carving out separate state of Gorkhaland within the framework of Constitution of India.”

IN A throwback to over two decades ago, the hills of Darjeeling, quaintly named the Queen of the hills by the British has again begun to seethe. The mid-eighties saw violence in support of a separate state of Gorkhaland restricted to the hill region where over 300 people died. Today, another generation of activists is seeking to bring the same demand to the capital of West Bengal, Kolkata.
The fledgling Gorkha Janmukti Morcha (GJM) born six months ago, which wrested control of the Darjeeling hills and the future of the hill people from the hands of Subhas Ghising, the supremo of the Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF), is bent on bringing the agitation for a separate state at the doorstep of the Left Front government, which fought tooth and nail to stop Darjeeling from seceding in the mid-eighties.
The Morcha is planning to use 10,000 handpicked people from the three hill subdivisions and start a long march to Writers’ Buildings, the state secretariat on May 7. The activists will walk all the way to the seat of the Bengal government to lay bare its demand.
The Morcha wants to tell the chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee and people of Bengal about the injustice meted out to former servicemen who have spent their lives guarding the country and the burning desire for a separate state they can call their own, Bimal Gurung, Morcha president told a huge crowd in Darjeeling yesterday, the local media reported.
Much before the planned march to the capital of the state the Morcha has called for an indefinite shut down of all government establishments, both central and state in the Darjeeling hills as of April 14. Morcha leaders have assured tourists that they would not be inconvenienced because the shut down would only in government offices. Hotels, private establishments, municipalities and banks will be kept out of the purview of the shut down.
It is a long drawn programme that the Morcha has in mind, albeit different from the tactics used by Ghisingh in his heydays when indefinite bands and violence were his only weapons. The Morcha is mobilising school students to take part in the rally in Darjeeling on April 11. On April 15 school teachers will stage a rally. On April 17 minority communities would take out a rally in the hill town.
There was a 24-hour bandh in the hills from Thursday to Friday morning in protest against police action on ex-servicemen from Darjeeling during a rally in Siliguri on Wednesday. The Morcha has demanded an inquiry into the police lathi charge on its rallyists.

Meanwhile, the man who has earned the wrath of the Morcha the most urban development minister Ashok Bhattacharjee appealed to the agitating hill leaders to come to the negotiating table both with the centre and the state. He said agitations and violence would not solve problems and pointed out that the state chief minister was always ready for a dialogue. The minister has become persona non grata in Darjeeling because he called the Morcha leaders ‘outsiders’. The minister was elected from North Bengal and is in charge of CPI (M) affairs in the hill district.

Gorkaland is the name given to the area around Darjeeling and the Duars in north West Bengal in India. Residents of the area, mostly Gorkhas have long demanded a separate state for themselves to preserve their Nepali identity and to improve their socio-economic conditions.

Historically, Darjeeling and its surrounding terai areas formed a part of the then Kirat kingdom called Bijaypur. After the disintegration of the Bijaypur kingdom, it fell to Sikkim and Bhutan. From 1790-1816, Darjeeling and its immediate contiguous area were overrun by the Gorkhas of Nepal. After the Anglo Nepalese War (1814-1815), Treaty of Sigauli was signed between the Gorkhas and the East India Company. Darjeeling was wrested back from the Gorkhas of Nepal by the Britishers and handed back to the Sikkimese after the Treaty of Titaliya. In 1835, Col Llyod became the representative of East India Company for Darjeeling. During his tenure Darjeeling was annexed into the British India Empire. However the original map of Darjeeling came into existence only after the induction of Kalimpong and Duars area after the Anlgo-Bhutanese war of 1864 (Treaty of Sinchula). Darjeeling as we know of today was organised in 1866. The ethnic identity "Gorkha" comes from the district of Gorkha within Nepal which was the kingdom of the Prithvi Narayan Shah.

By the start of the twentieth century, Gorkhas made a modest socio-economic advance through government service, and a small anglicized elite developed among them. Following this in 1907, the first ever demand for “a separate administrative setup” for the District of Darjeeling was placed before the British government by the “leaders of the hill people”. The “Hill people” here referred to the Lepchas, Bhutias and the Gorkhas. Their main reason for doing so was the superior attitude of the Brown Sahibs (from Dhaka and Calcutta) shown towards the people of the hills and their growing sense of insecurity against the educated hordes of the plain. The demand was ignored. In 1917 the Hillmen's Association came into being and petitioned for the administrative separation of Darjeeling in 1917 and again in 1930 and 1934. In 1923 the Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League (All India Gorkha League) was formed at Dehradun.It soon spread to Darjeeling. On 15 May 1943, All India Gorkha League came into existence in Darjeeling. It gained additional support after World War II with the influx of ex-soldiers from the Gurkha regiments who had been exposed to nationalist movements in Southeast Asia during service there.

On 19 December 1946, the party's heart and soul, D.S. Gurung even made a plea in the Constitution Hall before the Constituent Assembly for recognition of Gorkhas as a minority community "Sir, the demand of the Gurkhas is that they must be recognized as a minority community and that they must have adequate representation in the Advisory Committee that is going to be formed. When the Anglo-Indians with only 1 lakh 42 thousand population have been recognized as a minority community, and Scheduled Castes among the Hindus have been recognized as a separate community, I do not see any reason why Gurkhas with 30 lakhs population should not be recognized as such."

But leaders within its own ranks such as Randhir Subba, were not satisfied with this meagre demand. Soon after the death of D.S. Gurung, Randhir Subba raised the demand for a separate state within the framework of the Indian Constitution called Uttarakhand. Uttarakhand could be comprised of the following options.


Darjeeling district only or
Darjeeling district and Sikkim only or
Darjeeling district, Sikkim, Jalpaiguri, Dooars and Coochbehar or
Darjeeling district, Jalpaiguri and Coochbehar
This movement was discussed even by the masses. Initially Randhir Subba was in favor of a militant movement but was dissuaded by other leaders. Sadly the movement never gained momentum as its leaders were moblised to other purposes.

On April 6, 1947, two Gorkhas Ganeshlal Subba and Ratanlal Brahmin members of the undivided CPI (Communist Party of India) submitted a Quixotic memorandum to Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Vice President of the Interim Government for the creation of Gorkhasthan – an independent country comprising of the present day Nepal, Darjeeling District and Sikkim (excluding its present North District). The demand was more of an attention seeker. It never was genuine.

During the 1940s, the Communist Party of India (CPI) organized Gorkha tea workers. In presentations to the States Reorganisation Commission in 1954, the CPI favored regional autonomy for Darjeeling within West Bengal, with recognition of Nepali as a Scheduled Language. The All India Gorkha League preferred making the area a union territory under the Central government. In all from the 1950's to the 1985, first the CPI (1954), then the Congress (1955), then the triumvirate of Congress, CPI and AIGL (1957), then the United front (1967 & 1981), then again Congress (1968) and finally CPI(M) 1985 dangled along with the carrot of Regional Autonomy for Darjeeling

Gorkhaland movement
The Gorkhaland movement has its roots in the demand of Gorkhas living in Darjeeling district and Duars of West Bengal and the aspirations of all Gorkhas within India and abroad, who see India as their motherland, for a separate state for themselves, within the constitutional framework of India. The Gorkhaland National Liberation Front which led the movement in the 1980's, was the first party ever to use the proper noun Gorkhaland for the desired dream. The movement disrupted the district with massive violence between 1986 and 1988. The issue was resolved, at least temporarily, in 1988 with the establishment of the Darjiling Gorkha Hill Council within West Bengal.

The Gorkhaland movement distinguished Darjeeling Gorkhas from nationals of Nepal legally resident in India, from Nepali-speaking Indian citizens from other parts of the country, and even from the majority in neighboring Sikkim, where Nepali is the official language. The movement was emphatic that it had no desire to separate from India, only from the state of West Bengal. Gorkhaland supporters therefore preferred to call the Gorkhas' language Gorkhali rather than Nepali, although they did not attempt to claim there is any linguistic difference from what other people call Nepali. The 1981 census of India, whether in deference to this sentiment or for some other reason, called the language Gorkhali/Nepali . However, when the Eighth Schedule of the constitution was amended in 1992 to make it a Scheduled Language, the term Nepali alone was used.

In 1986 the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front, having failed to obtain a separate regional administrative identity from Parliament, again demanded a separate state of Gorkhaland. The party's leader, Subhash Ghising, headed a demonstration that turned violent and was severely repressed by the state government. The disturbances almost totally shut down the districts' economic mainstays of tea, tourism, and timber. The Left Front government of West Bengal, which earlier had supported some form of autonomy, opposed it as "antinational." The state government claimed that Darjeeling was no worse off than the state in general and was richer than many districts. Ghising then made lavish promises to his followers, including the recruitment of 40,000 Indian Gorkhas into the army and paying Rs. 100,000 for every Gorkha writer. After two years of fighting and the loss of at least 1200 lives, the government of West Bengal and the central government finally agreed on an autonomous hill district. In July 1988, the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front gave up the demand for a separate state, and in August the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council came into being with Ghising as chairman. The council had authority over economic development programs, education, and culture.

However, difficulties soon arose over the panchayat elections. Ghising wanted the hill council excluded from the national law on panchayat elections. Then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's government was initially favourable to his request and introduced a constitutional amendment in 1989 to exclude the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council, along with several other northeast hill states and regions (Nagaland, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and the hill regions of Manipur), but it did not pass. However, in 1992 Parliament passed the Seventy-third Amendment, which seemed to show a newly serious commitment to the idea of local self-government by panchayats. The amendment excluded all the hill areas just mentioned except Darjeeling. Ghising insisted this omission was a machination of West Bengal and threatened to revive militant agitation for a Gorkhaland state. He also said the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front would boycott the village panchayat elections mandated by the amendment. A large portion of his party, however, refused to accept the boycott and split off under the leadership of Madan Tamang to form the All India Gorkha League, which won a sizable number of panchayat seats.

In 1995 it was unclear whether the region would remain content with autonomy rather than statehood. In August 1995, Sherpa complained to the state government that Ghising's government had misused hill council funds, and West Bengal chief minister Jyoti Basu promised to investigate. Both Gorkha parties had showed a willingness to use general shutdowns to forward their ends.

In May 2005, the organisation organised a huge rally to revive the dormant demand for a separate state but failed to go forward on the issue since then.

“We have decided not to pay any tax or bills due to the government from May 1 and they include electricity bills. If power supply to households in the hills is disconnected for non-payment of dues, we will stop work at all the power generating plants that feed Siliguri,” Gurung told reporters at Pintail village on the outskirts of Siliguri this evening.

“Rammam, Jaldhaka and a number of other hydel projects are located in the hills, along with transmission networks through which power flows into Siliguri. In the hills, we may have to light candles after dark, but the people of Siliguri will have to do the same,” Gurung added.

In Darjeeling, Morcha supporters picketed the West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Ltd to prevent people from paying their power bills. The Morcha-affiliated All-Transport Joint Action Committee, too, has said its members would not pay road taxes until the condition of the roads improve.

The Morcha chief added that his supporters would definitely sit in an indefinite hunger strike in front of the Siliguri subdivisional office from May 1. The Morcha called the fast in protest after the Bengal government refused to give it permission to hold political programmes in Siliguri.

“Let us hold one meeting in Siliguri and we are sure that the political equation of the town will change overnight,” Gurung said.

The Morcha will also start changing the number plates of vehicles across Darjeeling district from “WB” to “GL (for Gorkhaland)” from July 7, said Gurung. “We have assigned serials A, B, C and D for the three hill subdivisions and Siliguri,” he said.

“We have also sorted out our differences with the Kamtapur Progressive Party (KPP Atul Roy-faction) and Greater Cooch Behar Democratic Party about the boundaries of the separate states that we are demanding. We will not disclose the boundaries right now but Siliguri will be in Gorkhaland,” Gurung added.


No hired vehicles were available here from 10am to 2pm as members of the All Transport Joint Action Committee, an affiliate of the Gorkha Janmukti Morcha, brought out a procession and held a public meeting at Chowk Bazar.

“The meeting is being held to strengthen Bimal Gurung’s stand in the Gorkhaland agitation. We also want to tell the administration to stop harassing our drivers in Siliguri and improve roads,” Narbu Lama, the president of the committee, said.

The Morcha had earlier insisted that unlike the Gorkhaland agitation in the 1980s, its movement for a new state would not inconvenience tourists. However, the scenes in Darjeeling today told a different story.

Abhijit Majumdar from Calcutta was one of those who cut short their trips and left Darjeeling before 10 in the morning. “We have to board a bus from Siliguri in the evening and were supposed to start off from here in the afternoon. But we have decided to push off right away instead of taking a risk later in the day,” said Majumdar as he boarded a vehicle around 9am.

Others who were planning to go on local sight-seeing trips were also disappointed.

“I came to know about the transporters’ meeting last evening. Although I could go to Tiger Hill early this morning and visit places like Batasia Loop and the Dali monasteries, I had to give the nearby tourist spots a miss. Since we are going off to Gangtok tomorrow, it was quite a waste of a day here,” said Sikna Brahma who had come from Bongaigaon in Assam.

Tourists usually visit places like the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, the Darjeeling zoo, the rock garden and the nearby tea estates during the day. “The driver said I could visit some of the places in the evening but after a tiring walk, I do not feel like going out,” Brahma added after he had trekked 3km up hill to the Peace Pagoda.

The transport business is heavily dependent on visitors to the hills, particularly during the tourist season. Tourism is also one of the pillars of the hill economy.

Tour operators are still bullish about the prospects of the next few months. “It is true that there were some cancellations during the first week of April, but business has been picking up from the third week. We are expecting a good tourist inflow in May,” Pradeep Tamang, the secretary of Darjeeling Association of Travel Agents, said.

Tamang, however, added that it was time to take up new forms of protest.

“In Darjeeling, everyone is in favour of Gorkhaland. Every community is supporting the cause. Perhaps it is time to look beyond rallies and meetings in Darjeeling. The transporters had earlier made an appeal to political parties asking them not to call strikes during the tourist season and I think we should all act accordingly,” he said.

Lathicharge probe

The second phase of the inquiry into the police lathicharge on a rally of Morcha-affiliated ex-servicemen near Siliguri on April 9 will begin from May 5 at the Darjeeling Circuit House, the information and cultural affairs department said on Tuesday. Anyone wishing to submit a written statement on the issue should do so on May 4 between 2pm and 5pm at the circuit house. The deposition will start at 10am on May 5.

The Guardian 30 April, 2008
http://www.cpa.org.au/garchve08/1363india.html
Achievements of Left Front in India



John Bailey, a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Australia, attended the Congresses of the Communist Party of India and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) held in March/April. Here are his observations of the situation in India.

The present national government in India is promoting economic policies geared towards providing more concessions to big business and foreign finance capital. Many of the measures taken are the result of US imperialism’s influence on the government. Over the past three years this influence over domestic, economic, political and foreign policy has grown.

The growth in the GDP in at eight percent, however, this is due mainly to booms in real estate, the stock market and credit-driven consumption by the urban elite. This economic growth, far from improving the living conditions of the working people, is increasing inequalities at an alarming rate.

While big business and urban elites are enjoying the benefits of faster income growth and rising purchasing power, the working class in the urban areas and almost all the agrarian classes in the rural areas are experiencing dwindling opportunities of income and employment.

So bad is the situation that while India has produced 48 billionaires in recent times 77% of the working population earn less than 20 rupees a day (35 rupees is worth 1$A) or 600 rupees a month. The per capita income in India is 1,937 rupees a month but this per capita income is more than three times what is earned by more than 77% of the population.

This is happening at a time of steep price rises in essential commodities and when workers in India are facing increasing levels of exploitation due to the casualisation of labour, outsourcing and widespread use of contract workers.

The prices of basic food items such as cereals, edible oils, sugar, fruit and vegetable have risen sharply. The successive rises in fuel prices have added to inflationary pressures.

A National Commission of Rural Labour has found that approximately 50% of male workers and 87% of female workers in urban areas and 47% of male workers and 87% of female workers in rural areas get wages below the national minimum wage. Unemployment in rural areas has risen from 9.5% in 1993-4 to 15.3%

Impoverishment and unemployment in the rural areas is leading to large scale immigration to cities where they are subjected to high levels of exploitation.

The corporatisation of the health system and the lifting of price controls on drugs have made medical treatment and medicines prohibitively expensive. A National Family Health Survey shows that 40% of children under three in India are underweight, 23% are wasted (stunted) and 70% anaemic. The survey also found that one-third of women are underweight and 55% of women are anaemic, all this points towards the level of malnutrition in the country.

The privatisation of basic services like water and electricity supply has also added to the burden of the people.

It is obvious that the plight of the common people in India has worsened due to imperialist globalisation and the neo-liberal policies being pursued by the central government.

Prosperity for the upper classes on the one hand and deprivation for the majority of the working people on the other has become the hallmark of the neo-liberal regime in India.

However, the central government has not had it all its own way. The Left parties, led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India, have championed the interests of the people and have put forth alternative policies on many issues. Whether it be protecting the interests of workers, women, the poor, the oppressed caste, tribal people or minorities, the Left has checked or halted some of the more harmful measures proposed by the Congress led National Government.

These measures include handing over vital control of the financial sector to foreign capital; opening up the retail trade to foreign interests; privatisation of pension funds; and taking away the rights of workers in the name of labour reform.

Under pressure and mobilisation of the masses by the Left forces, the Rural Employment Guarantee Act was passed with improvements to the bill.

The Tribal Forest Rights Act was also adopted and the struggle for its implementation is under way. Other measures fought for by the Left forces such as the Right to Information Act and the Domestic Violence Act have been adopted and child labour is now prohibited by law.

Due to pressure from the left forces there has been some increase in the allocation of funds for education and the midday meal scheme has been expanded throughout the country.

The passage of these measures through parliament has been accompanied by national campaigns and movements to ensure that the necessary laws are passed and implemented.

The Left has also registered impressive victories in three states; West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura. In all three states the Left-led forces increased their percentage of votes and the number of seats they hold in the state assemblies. These governments are playing an important role in strengthening the Communist and Left movement in India.

The Left Front Government of West Bengal has been re-elected in every election for the last 30 years while a similar government in the state of Tripura has now won six elections.

Faced with the neo-liberal policies of the national government the Left governments in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura, led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India, have had to struggle hard to pursue policies which ensure pro-people and balanced development.

The central government’s policies have led to a further erosion of the state’s autonomy and capacity to boost resources. The unequal share of resources between the central government and the states and the limitations imposed on public investment and allocation of resources have had an adverse impact on the ability of state governments to provide expenditure for the public sector and welfare.

The problems of Central-State relations have entered a new era under liberalisation and deregulation. On the one hand, there is a withdrawal from economic and investment activities and, on the other hand, the Central government seeks to push through neo-liberal reforms by setting conditions on the transfer of funds to the states. Every grant or devolution of resources is attached with conditions.

In spite of the limitations imposed on them by the central government, Left-led state governments in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura have taken measures to reduce poverty, create new welfare measures and improve living conditions. The success of these policies can be measured by their achievements in three key areas.

In all India in 2006 the infant mortality rate was 57 per 1,000 live births. In West Bengal it was 48; in Tripura 31 and in Kerala 15 which is the best record in the country.

In all India life expectancy is 61 for males and 62.5 for females. In West Bengal it is 64.5 for males and 67.2 for females. In Kerala it is 70.7 for males and 75 for females. In Tripura it is 71 for males and 74 for females.

The all India literacy rate is 63.4%. In West Bengal it is 69.2%; Kerala 90.09% and Tripura 80.14%.

In order to reverse the economic, social and foreign policy trends being adopted by both the major parties in India, the BJP (a right-wing Hindu Nationalist Party) and Congress, the Left forces are proposing the formation of a third alternative based on a platform of policies for which the Left, democratic and secular forces can work together.

Such a platform would address the problems faced by the people and advocate pro-people economic measures. It would make provision for social welfare and strengthen the public distribution of resources; defence of national sovereignty and an independent foreign policy.

Given the present policies of the Congress and BJP parties and their allies there is a need for a Left and Democratic Front based on a platform which can meet the aspirations and defend the interests of the working class, peasantry, artisans, small shopkeepers, middle class and intelligentsia.

It is envisaged that the third alternative would emerge through joint campaigns by the Left, democratic and secular forces based on a common program and would be more than a mere electoral alliance to meet current exigencies.

Such a program would be based on:

defence of secularism and national unity

a democratic transformation of agrarian relations and land reform

an economic system which would develop the productive forces in a way to maximise employment and reduce economic and social disparities

a democratic and federal political system

defence of the rights of working people to a higher standard of living

access to health and education services and social security

social justice and protection of the rights of women, dalits (untouchables), minorities and tribal people

an independent foreign policy.

At both the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of India held in Hyderabad and the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) held in Coimbatore, concrete plans for such a front have been made as an initiative of the left forces for creating and presenting a third alternative before the people. In this way the left forces can find a way immediately to combat the ruling class drive towards a highly iniquitous and socially unjust society.

Both parties are determined to build on the achievements of the past and maintain a united approach to achieve their goals.

The combined membership of the CPI and the CPI (M) is now just over 1.5 million. The Left Front led by the CPI (M) and the CPI has 44 members in the Lok Sabha (central parliament) of India.

The CPI (M) publishes five daily newspapers, seven weeklies, five fortnightlies, six monthlies and four ideological publications reflecting the numerous ethnic groups and languages across India.

Trade Union membership increased from about 2.78 million in the early 1980s to the current figure of 3.98 million today.

The population of West Bengal is 80 million, Kerala 32 million and Tripura just over three million. These three states are led by Left Front governments. The all India population was 1,129 million in July 2007.

INDIA-TERROR

India among countries worst affected by terror: US report

Sridhar Krishnaswami

Washington, Apr 30 (PTI) India was among the countries

worst affected by terror with militant attacks in Jammu and

Kashmir and in the northeast, strikes by Naxalites and attacks

elsewhere in the country taking a toll of more than 2,300

lives in 2007, the US State department said.

The State department, in its annual report on terrorism,

said terrorist activities along the Line of Control in Jammu

and Kashmir are on the decline but Pakistan-based militant

outfits like the Lashkar-e-Toiba and other terrorist groups

continue to plan attacks in the valley.

"Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Toiba and other Kashmir-focused

groups continued regional attack planning. In 2007,

Kashmir-focused groups continued to support attacks in

Afghanistan, and operatives trained by the groups continued

to feature in Al-qaeda transnational attack planning,"it said.

The report said Indian government's counterterrorism

efforts remained hampered by outdated and overburdened law

enforcement and legal systems.

"The Indian court system was slow, laborious, and prone

to corruption. Terrorism trials can take years to complete.

Many of India's local police forces were poorly staffed,

lacked training, and were ill-equipped to combat terrorism

effectively," the report said.

Noting about the attack on Samjhauta express in February

last year, the report said, it was carried out by extremists

who tried to incite anger among the Hindus and Muslims.

"These attacks, which killed and injured both Muslims

and Hindus, were probably conducted by extremists hoping to

incite anger between the Hindu and Muslim communities.

"Indian officials claim that the perpetrators of these

attacks have links to groups based in Pakistan and Bangladesh,

particularly Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, Jaish-e-Mohammad, and

Harkat-ul-Jihad Islami, among others," the report said.

"These groups also have links to terrorist activity in

Jammu and Kashmir. The number of civilians killed were

approximately half of that in the previous year.

"In May, the Indian government acknowledged that the

level of infiltration across the Line of Control had fallen,

but noted that insurgents had in some case shifted routes to

enter India through Bangladesh and Nepal," it said.

The report also took note of the formation of the

anti-terrorism mechanism between India and Pakistan to

coordinate and exchange information on terrorists.

"Pakistan's leaders took steps to prevent support to the

Kashmiri militancy, and the number of violent attacks in

Kashmir was down by approximately 50 per cent from 2006,

according to public statements made by the Indian Defence

Minister," the report said.

The report also took note of the US-India Joint Working

Group on Terrorism (CTJWG) which has so far met nine times

since its formation in 2000.

India participated in CTJWGs with 15 other countries,

and in multilateral CTJWGs with the EU and with the Bay of

Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic

Cooperation, an organisation that promotes economic

cooperation among Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka,

Thailand, Bhutan and Nepal.

In October, the Indian government held the second

round of consultations with Pakistan under the bilateral

counterterrorism joint mechanism, and hosted a ministerial

level meeting of the South Asia Association for Regional

Cooperation on Counterterrorism," it said.

PANCHAYAT-PARTNERS

CPI(M) putting up dummy candidates against official nominees

of partners

Kolkata, Apr 30 (PTI) With the panchayat elections in

West Bengal just 11 days away, two Left Front constitutents,

Forward Bloc and RSP, today accused alliance leader CPI(M)

of putting up dummy candidates.

"There is a confrontation among Front partners in all

districts over seat-sharing and dummy candidates have been put

up on a large scale against official nominees even though we

have been talking about on Left unity," state general

secretary of Forward Bloc Ashok Ghosh told reporters here.

For instance, he said, in Cooch Behar zilla parishad in

North Bengal where FB has a strong support base, it was agreed

earlier that it would contest nine seats and have friendly

fights with CPIM) in the remaining two seats.

"But dummy candidates have been put up against the nine

FB nominees. Is this an example of Left unity?" he said

without naming CPI(M).

RSP leader and PWD minister Khiti Goswami claimed there

was no seat seat adjustment in 85 per cent cases because of

CPI(M)'s 'high-handedness and intimidatory tactics'. PTI

THE STATES/WEST BENGAL

Smouldering hills

SUHRID SANKAR CHATTOPADHYAY

http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fline/fl2424/stories/20071221501702700.htm

A fresh call for a separate Gorkhaland plunges Darjeeling again into political uncertainty.

ARUNANGSU ROY CHOWDHURY

Bimal Gurung, Gorkha Janamukti Morcha leader, in Darjeeling.

A FRESH spell of political uncertainty looms over the Darjeeling hills of West Bengal following a renewed call for a separate Gorkhaland State. Only, this time the campaign is being spearheaded by the Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM), a breakaway faction of the Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF) which agitated for Gorkhaland in the 1980s. Sporadic disturbances, which even prompted the local administration to requisition the Army on standby duty, and strikes and counter-strikes by the two rival parties have rekindled memories of the crippling violence associated with the Gorkhaland movement of 1986.

At a public rally in Darjeeling on October 7, Bimal Gurung, once considered a close associate of GNLF supremo Subash Ghising, announced the formation of the GJM, a new political outfit, and gave a fresh call for a separate State of Gorkhaland, seeking the united support of people cutting across party lines. The huge turnout at the rally gave a clear indication that Ghising’s supremacy in the hills was finally facing a challenge. On the dais, Gurung was joined by representatives of the All Gorkha Students’ Union, GNLF rebels and leaders of the Communist Party of Revolutionary Marxist, a breakaway faction of the Communist Party of India (Marxist).

According to knowledgeable sources, Gurung’s expulsion from the GNLF on the grounds of anti-party activities has weakened the party and fuelled speculation that all is not well within the GNLF. It has also further strengthened the anti-incumbency sentiment among the hill people. “People are fed up with Ghising and want a change for the sake of change, which is not a healthy sentiment,” an informed source told Frontline. Moreover, since the disbanding of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC), the GNLF has lost direct contact with the masses through its elected councillors and, as such, its support base has suffered serious erosion.

The GJM does not support the GNLF’s demand for an autonomous Gorkha Hill Council, Darjeeling with greater powers under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution in place of the DGHC established in 1988 by a statute. (On November 30, the Union Cabinet approved the creation of the Council under the Sixth Schedule.) The DGHC was wound up in March 2005 when the GNLF called for the formation of a new council with constitutional instead of statutory status. Gurung, a former councillor of the DGHC, called Ghising’s demand “a betrayal of the promise made to the hills people by him in 1986 for a separate Gorkhaland State”.

Meanwhile, the rising popularity of the GJM has prompted the GNLF to hold public meetings to “educate” the people about the benefits of the Sixth Schedule. The Front decided to call a 48-hour general strike across the hills from November 6 to pressure the Union government to pass the Sixth Schedule Bill in the winter session of Parliament, which began on November 15. The strike was, however, withdrawn in view of the festival season. Instead the GNLF called a 108-hour bandh in Kalimpong on November 22. Ghising was reported to have stated that the inclusion of the council in the Sixth Schedule was better than the creation of a separate State, as it would promote greater equality among the people and help establish a more egalitarian government.

The GJM retaliated by calling a 96-hour bandh in the Darjeeling hills on the same day to protest against the implementation of the Sixth Schedule and State Chief Minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee’s scheduled visit to attend the CPI(M)’s three-day conference in Darjeeling from November 23. Gurung called off the strike when the venue of the conference was shifted to Siliguri in North Bengal. A five-member GJM delegation led by K.S. Ramudamu, the party’s vice-president, went to New Delhi on November 22 to garner the support of top Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) leaders, including L.K. Advani, Rajnath Singh and Sushma Swaraj, against according Sixth Schedule status for the hills.

Inclusion in the Sixth Schedule is expected to lead to the establishment of a 33-member council, in which 10 seats would be reserved for the Scheduled Tribes and 15 for non-tribal communities. Three seats would be open for all communities and five members would be nominated by the State Governor from the unrepresented sections.

ARUNANGSU ROY CHOWDHURY

Subash Ghising, GNLF leader.

However, according to sources in Darjeeling, people of the hills are confused about the Sixth Schedule. “Nobody really knows what the Sixth Schedule is all about and it has polarised the community totally on ethnic lines,” a prominent citizen of Darjeeling told Frontline. Ajay Edwards, convener of the GNLF youth wing, agreed that the Opposition now led by the GJM was successful in mobilising a large section of the people against the Sixth Schedule. “The GNLF failed to reach out to the people in time and inform them of the benefits of the Sixth Schedule,” he said. Conceding that it was still the dream of the hill people to have a separate Gorkhaland, he said: “We have to be practical. We are still smarting under the impact of the agitation for Gorkhaland. An entire generation was practically lost in that struggle. Now, whatever the problems may be in Darjeeling, at least there is peace. Gurung is precipitating a repeat of the bloody agitation of the 1980s.”

Edwards’ words found an echo in a peace march organised on November 27 by citizens of Darjeeling. Residents of the town from all walks of life participated in it and demanded a “bandh-free” Darjeeling. Neeraj Lama, one of the main organisers of the march, said: “The turnout was overwhelming. We expected barely 50 people, after all it was during an indefinite bandh called by Subash Ghising; but more than 5,000 people participated. Earlier nobody would step out during a GNLF strike. This was a clear sign of the frustration among the people of the hills. They have had enough of bandhs.”

A few thousand members of the GJM’s women’s wing, the Gorkha Janamukti Nari Morcha, joined the march holding pens in their hands, in contrast to the GNLF’s “khukuri march” in Kurseong on November 23, following a khukuri (knife) attack on party leader Kul Bahadur Gurung in Darjeeling that morning, allegedly by some GJM activists.

The GJM, however, denied any hand in the incident. The incident was followed by clashes between supporters of the two parties in which 11 persons were injured and houses of GNLF activists were ransacked. Anticipating major violence, the local administration requisitioned the services of the Army. The GNLF again called for an indefinite strike from November 24. The strike was called off on November 27.

Any move to carve a separate Gorkhaland out of West Bengal may create a public reaction that the CPI(M)-led Left Front government will find hard to withstand, for the memories of two unfortunate partitions in the past – first in 1905 and then in 1947 – are still alive. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee sought to quell the agitation when he said at the CPI(M) conference in Siliguri: “We want unity between the hills and the plains … The Sixth Schedule means that the council’s powers will be further enhanced; it will be a constitutional body with consequential permanence in status. It will mean also that Darjeeling and Siliguri will stay together in peace and friendship.” •

People's Democracy

(Weekly Organ of the Communist Party of India (Marxist)


Vol. XXIX

No. 10

March 06, 2005

WEST BENGAL

CPI (M) Wants Democracy To Return In

The Hill Areas Of Darjeeling

B Prasant

BENGAL CPI(M) has declared unequivocally that its strongly demands the restoration of democracy in the hills of the Darjeeling district. The elections to the Darjeeling hill council approach fast; and yet, the unpopular and discredited chief of the GNLF, Subhas Ghising clings to his way of pressurising the state government into agreeing to a postponement of the elections that he knows he is sure to lose in a massive manner.

Following the meeting between Bengal chief minister, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee and the union home minister, Shivraj Patil on February 24, Ghising kept up his blustering mood in Darjeeling where he again said that the “people of the hills yearns for ‘Gorkhaland.’” When pressed further on this score by media persons, Ghising lost his temper (something he does quite often now, whether by design or otherwise) and cried out that “nobody either in the hills or on the plains gets to be harmed if Gorkhaland is formed,” before crying off and stalking away from the press meet.

In the circumstances, the district secretariat of the Darjeeling unit of the CPI(M) met on February 25 and discussed the situation in the hills in some detail. Elsewhere, at Muzaffar Ahmad Bhavan in Kolkata the same day, Polit Bureau member of the CPI(M), Jyoti Basu said that there would be an election held for the hill council and he rejected the idea of a ‘Gorkhaland.’

Basu dubbed as an unqualified and motivated lie the misinformation Ghising had been engaged in spreading about how Basu had supported the ‘Gorkhaland’ idea back in the mid-1980’s when the separatist agitation first began under Ghising’s tutelage and which could be checked only by the determined efforts both of the Bengal Left Front government that Basu headed as chief minister, and the CPI(M) many of whose workers were martyred at the hands of the separatist extremists.

From the secretariat meeting, the CPI(M) leaders, Sandopal Lepcha, Ananda Pathak, and Jibesh Sarkar emerged to tell the media that peace and development and not ‘Gorkhaland’ constituted the principal issue for the people of the Darjeeling district, now as earlier. The CPI(M) leadership were firm in their opinion that should elections be postponed for any reason to the hill council, the term of the council must not be extended, and that even if an administrator was appointed, the polls should never be deferred for too long a period.

On February 26, a meeting of five political parties was held on the emerging issues in the hills of Darjeeling. Held at Siliguri, the participating parties were: CPI(M), CPI, CPRM, Gorkha League, and GNLF (CKP). Ananda Pathak presided over the meeting. The leadership present included: Ananda Pathak, Sandopal Lepcha, and Ashok Bhattacharya of the CPI(M), Dawa Lama and Saon Rai of the CPRM, Ujjwal Chaudhuri and Harisadhan Ghosh of the CPI, Madan Tamang of the Gorkha League, and D K Pradhan and C K Pradhan of the GNLF (CKP).

Explaining the decisions of the meeting, Ashok Bhattacharya said that the leaders of the parties desired that elections to the hill council should be held as early as possible. Ghising would never be accepted as the administrator of the council. Ghising, the meeting felt, had no right to cling to his hill council chairmanship. Ghising must take part in the polls or tender resignation as the chairman of the council. Decisions of the meeting were arrived at based on full consensus, the leaders of all the parties taking part in the meeting assured representatives of the media. (INN)

IDSA Strategic Comments
Trouble in the “Queen of Hills”
Pushpita Das

March 14, 2008

Peace in the picturesque town of Darjeeling and adjoining areas has been shattered for the last month by an agitation demanding a separate Gorkhaland and the removal of Subhash Ghisingh from the post of Chairman of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC). The agitation is part of a protest movement against the Indian government’s plan to grant Sixth Schedule status to the region. The movement is led by the Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJMMM), which gave a call for an indefinite bandh on February 13 in support of these demands. It has been reported that the movement is being supported by many regional parties that are opposed to the Gorkhaland National Liberation Front (GNLF) led by Ghisingh.

A prominent player in the ongoing agitation is the Bharatiya Gorkha Bhutpurba Sainik Morcha, an organisation that was recently formed under the aegis of the GJMM by the roughly 40,000 strong Gorkha ex-servicemen who are settled in and around Darjeeling. Interestingly, the services of these ex-servicemen were earlier utilised by Ghisingh (himself an ex-serviceman) during the Gorkhaland agitation in the mid-1980s. But on February 13 they changed their allegiance from Ghisingh to the newly formed Morcha. Faced with popular opposition, Ghisingh resigned as the caretaker administrator of DGHC on March 10. But his resignation is unlikely to restore calm because the demand for a separate state including not only Darjeeling Hills but also the Dooars is getting shriller.

The ongoing agitation for a separate state has its roots in history. Darjeeling and the surrounding areas were part of Sikkim in the seventeenth century. They were overrun by Gorkhas during the reign of Prithvi Narayan Shah. After the Anglo-Nepal War of 1814-1815, the British wrested Darjeeling from Nepal and restored it to Sikkim. But in 1835, this area was incorporated within British India and subsequently Darjeeling district was created, comprising of Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong, within Bengal. The district is predominantly inhabited by Gorkhas, Lepchas and Bhutias, collectively called the “Hill People”. During the course of the next few decades, the Hill people, especially the Gorkhas, became increasingly dissatisfied with the administrative system.

Unhappiness with the patronising attitude of administrative officials in Calcutta and a growing sense of insecurity against plainsmen led the Gorkhas to demand a separate administrative set-up for Darjeeling District as early as 1907. In 1917, they organised themselves under the banner of Hillmen’s Association and repeatedly petitioned for the administrative separation of Darjeeling District from Bengal Province. The formation of the All India Gorkha League (AIGL) in 1943 provided a sense of direction to this movement and support began to gather pace with the return of ex-soldiers from World War II. Over the years, the demand for a separate administrative set-up gave way to the demand for a separate state of “Uttarakhand”.

From independence till 1985, the movement was peaceful and it was intermittently courted by many political parties who proposed different alternatives. The Communist Party of India favoured regional autonomy for Darjeeling within West Bengal. AIGL demanded the status of Union Territory. The Congress, the United Front and the CPI (M) all supported the demand for a special status for Darjeeling district within the Indian Union.

In 1980, Subhash Ghisingh formed the GNLF and revived the demand for a separate state of Gorkhaland. By 1986, the movement had not only intensified but also turned violent claiming some 1200 lives. It also severely crippled the District’s economy, which is based on three Ts – tea, tourism and timber. The movement was wound up in July 1988 after the Government and GNLF reached an agreement on the setting up of a hill district council. In August 1988, the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC) came into existence with Ghisingh as the Chairman. Subsequently, in 1992, Nepali was included as one of the languages in the Eighth Schedule.

But matters did not rest there and tensions between the Council on one hand and the West Bengal and central governments on the other soon rose on the issue of panchayat elections. The Seventy Third constitutional amendment of 1992, while exempting all other autonomous hill councils in the Northeast, stipulated that panchayat elections should be held in DGHC. Ghisingh, who was opposed to the holding of any elections in what he saw as his domain, blamed the state government for the omission and refused to participate in these elections. He also threatened to revive the demand for a separate state. The issue of panchayat elections generated a split within the GNLF. A faction led by Madan Tamang broke away and formed a new party called the All India Gorkha League (AIGL), which participated in these elections and won a sizeable number of seats. In due course of time, the AIGL also became a platform for airing public grievances against Ghisingh for his allegedly autocratic and corrupt ways. In May 2005, the AIGL organised a massive rally to revive the demand for a separate state, but failed to mobilise mass support.

01 February 1998

Ghisingh goes global

http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980201/03250614.html

Come elections and the Gorkha supremo of Darjeeling, Subash Ghisingh, lets fly his kites high above the hills. This time he has shown nothing but disdain for the polls, saying he is right now busy with the far more important issue of the ``legal and constitutional status'' of Darjeeling. He has raised the issue before but what is unique this time is that he has taken it to the International Court of Justice at The Hague.

Ghisingh got six lawyers from Nepal last October to file a petition at the international court, pleading that not only Darjeeling but also Kalimpong and the Dooars, in both West Bengal and Assam, could not be called Indian territory because of anomalies in India's treaties with Nepal and Bhutan.

The lawyers from Nepal had first tried to involve the Nepal Government in their effort. They belong to the Nepal Gorkha Rashtriya Mukti Morcha, a fraternal outfit Ghisingh helped set up in that country.

Last July, leader of the Nepal outfit, Nagendra Lama, approached the Nepal Governmentto take up the issue of Darjeeling's status at the international court.

After the Nepal Government refused to oblige, some of NGRMM leaders came to Darjeeling and met Ghisingh. Soon, the Darjeeling leader publicly lent his support to the cause. At a function in Darjeeling, he even promised to support China and Pakistan if these countries helped him internationalise the Darjeeling issue. And, when the elections were announced, he seized the opportunity to drive it home.

He now shows no interest in the elections, saying he is too busy with the case at The Hague. He has turned down proposals from Mani Shankar Aiyar and Sudip Bandyopadhyay, two leaders of Mamata Banerjee's Trinamool Congress, that he support their candidature from Darjeeling. He brushes aside all questions about the polls and would not spell out if his party, the Gorkha National Liberation Front, will once again boycott them. Boycott calls have come too easily for Ghisingh ever since he launched his crusade for a separate Gorkhaland statecomprising the hills of Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong. During the 1982 Assembly elections, voters in some parts of the hills sent empty ballot boxes for the first time in response to the GNLF's boycott call to press its demand for a separate State.

Ghisingh repeated the boycott calls during the 1984 parliamentary polls and the 1987 Assembly polls. By the time the 1987 Assembly polls came, the Gorkhaland agitation was at its peak and Ghisingh had sent all other political parties in the hills, including the ruling CPI(M), scurrying for cover. His total command of Darjeeling politics was proved when the three hill subdivisions returned 460 empty ballot boxes out of a total of 510. Only diehard CPI(M) activists cast their votes in the party's last few strongholds.

By the time the next elections came, Ghisingh had settled for a truce, having signed the Dargeeling accord with the Centre and the West Bengal Government in August 1988. But the statehood demand never quite died down. It has been thecornerstone of Darjeeling's politics since the early 1950s. In fact, the first poll boycott call, in support of the statehood demand, was given way back in 1968 by the Blue Flag party.

All this time Ghisingh was claiming that Darjeeling was never part of West Bengal and should now be made a separate state. But at the time of the 1991 general elections he went one step farther. Darjeeling, Kalimpong and the Dooars region in Bengal and Assam, he now said, had no legal and constitutional validity to be part of India. His argument runs like this. The East India Company got Darjeeling from the Nepal Government by virtue of the 1815 Treaty of Segouli. But when the Indo-Nepal Friendship Treaty was signed in 1950, it ``cancelled'' all previous treaties. So Darjeeling, to him, is a ``no-man's land'' and he has repeatedly urged the Union Government to properly ``incorporate'' Darjeeling into the Indian Union.

Similarly, he argues that Kalimpong and the Dooars regions continue to be ``leasehold'' lands becauseBhutan ceded these territories to the British Government only on lease in the 1865 Treaty of Sinchula. Bhutan still retained sovereignty over these territories and received annual payments from India for the lease.

Ghisingh says he has tried to serve the national interest by focussing on the issue. He set ultimatums to successive Union Governments to take up the issue but received no response. When he moved the Supreme Court on the issue in 1994, the apex court turned down his plea, calling it a political issue.

In disgust, he asked three GNLF MLAs from the hills to resign from the West Bengal Assembly. They had been elected from the three constituencies of Darjeeling, Kalimpong and Kurseong when the GNLF took part in the Assembly polls of 1991. That year and also in 1989, the GNLF supported Congress candidate Inderjit from the Darjeeling parliamentary constituency. But in 1996 the GNLF boycotted the polls again in protest against the Centre's ``failure'' to clarify the ``status'' of the Darjeelinghills.

Every time the boycott call benefited the CPI(M). With the GNLF not in the fray, the Marxists practically had a walkover, the Congress being merely a signboard in the hills.

But the CPI(M) too has had its share of problems in Darjeeling. The party split several times and its MP in the last Lok Sabha from Darjeeling, R.B. Rai, was expelled from the party after the latest show of rebellion of the hill comrades. The party has this time put up veteran Ananda Pathak who will take on another old warhorse of the region, Dawa Narbula, who left the Congress and joined the Trinamool Congress. Still hoping to strike a deal with Ghisingh, the Congress has not yet announced its candidate.

Curiously, no political party or group has spoken up against Ghisingh for taking the Darjeeling issue to the international court. Both the CPI(M) and the State Government have repeatedly gone out of their ways to avoid another confrontation with him. The party's poll campaign so far has also steered clear of the issuesraised by him.

During a visit to Calcutta last month, Nepal's Foreign Minister Kamal Thapa described Ghisingh's issues as a ``load of rubbish''. Although the Indo-Nepal treaty of 1950 would now be reviewed, Thapa was emphatic that there was no question of the new treaty addressing Darjeeling or any other territorial issue.

His critics say Ghisingh has kept these issues alive to divert the people's attention from the failures of the Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council of which he has been the chairman since its inception in December 1988. They have also levelled charges of corruption at the council. The other view is that he has sought to attract international attention only to cover his old demand for the separate state. Ghisingh has consistently compared the present status of Darjeeling with that of Goa and Sikkim before these two were incorporated into the Indian Union. Their statehood followed their incorporation into India. After all, there has always been a method in the maverick Gorkha's madness.