Indian Holocaust My Father`s life and Time- Two hundred Forty SIX
Palash Biswas
http://indianholocaustmyfatherslifeandtime.blogspot.com/
Prostitution in India.
Article 6: States Parties shall take all appropriate measures, including legislation, to suppress all forms of traffic in women and exploitation of prostitution of women in India. According to a 1994 report in Asian Age there are at least 70,000 women sex workers in Delhi, Madras, Calcutta, Bangalore and Hyderbad. 30% of these women are under 20 years of age. 40% are 20-30 years of age, and approximately 15% of them became prostitutes as children under the age of 12.
In India, many innocent victims are forced into prostitution by their husbands or relatives. Some are tricked or enticed into prostitution.
Video results for Sex Workers in India
Sex Workers of India
2 min 35 sec - 26 Feb 2009
www.youtube.comProstitution in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to Male sex workers: A large percentage of male sex workers are eunuchs or hijrahs. Most know of sexually transmitted diseases through experience, ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution_in_India - Cached - Similar -Demography and sex work characteristics of female sex workers in India
by R Dandona - 2006 - Cited by 13 - Related articles
The legal status of sex work has significant bearing on the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS programmes targeting sex workers. In India, the legal context of sex ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1468426/ -World History Archives: The history of sex workers in India
Sex workers seek Rs 100 as minimum wage: The Times of India, Sunday 20 February 2000. It could happen only in Marxist country. ...
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18 Jun 2006 ... Introduced in Mysore the chip-embedded smart card entitles them to discounts at select shops, hotels and ensures their health is monitored.
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Leave a comment for this Miss India Pooja Chopra meets Sex workers Picture. Post a Comment. Advertise with Us | Media | Press | Terms & Conditions | Privacy ...
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While money is a common reason for entering prostitution everywhere, in India it is absolute poverty. (Call girls are the exception.) Many sex workers ...
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Legalize prostitution? Then why not graft?Times of India - 16 hours ago No doubt the plight of prostitutes is pitiable. But here are some damning statistics: There are about 3 million prostitutes in India of which 40% are ... Legalize prostitution if you can't curb it: SC to govtTimes of India - Dec 9, 2009 PTI 10 December 2009, 12:19pm IST NEW DELHI: The Supreme Court on Wednesday asked the Centre whether it could legalize prostitution if it wasn't possible to ... Indian court asks government to consider legalizing prostitution Monsters and Critics.com SC spurs sex workers to appealCalcutta Telegraph - - 17 hours ago Sunidhi, a prostitute working in Delhi, said her organisation was fighting to make prostitution legal. "On one hand police use force and violence against us ... Is country ready for legalised sex trade? India Today Sex trade: Don't forget, ban leads to more demand! Daily News & Analysis Bogus colleges crush Gujarat students' UK dreamsDaily News & Analysis - 6 hours ago Some have committed suicide while many girl students have turned to prostitution to earn a few pounds to survive. Many of these students have no special ... Thrillers, crime, taboo, top draws in 2009 fiction list (Flashback 2009)Sify - 8 hours ago Agrees former Doon School teacher-turned-writer Palash Krishna Mehrotra, 'I shone my torch on prostitutes, cross-dressers, murderers, drug addicts, ... JUST WORKINGCalcutta Telegraph - Dec 11, 2009 The suggestion of the Supreme Court that prostitution be legalized may not have focused particularly on this truth, but legalization would make it official. ... Workers who send money home hurt most by Dubai debt crisisVancouver Sun - - 5 hours ago And Dubai has the dubious distinction of being the main stomping ground in the Middle East for prostitutes from the countries of the old Soviet Union. ... Legal stamp to drive up sexual slaveryIndia Today - - Dec 12, 2009 Legalisation of prostitution has been suggested as a way to tackle the alarming rise in the sex trafficking of women and girls in India. ... Week@glance: 'Nobel' Obama, Telangana, Tiger troublesMSN India - Dec 12, 2009 A new state on the boil, request for legalization of prostitution in India, surrender of the ULFA chiefs, Obama's nobel award, Headleys charges, ... Lindsay Lohan Save 40 children and get suedSpooftimes.com (satire) - Dec 13, 2009 Lindsay has been visiting various brothel house and trying to learn how they are working in prostitution field. She wants to learn these professional ethics ... |
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SC spurs sex workers to appealCalcutta Telegraph - - 17 hours ago The All India Network of Sex Workers, to which 18 sex workers' organisations across 10 states are affiliated, has made the resolution of approaching the ... Sex trade: Don't forget, ban leads to more demand! Daily News & Analysis Is country ready for legalised sex trade? India Today India court raises question of legalising prostitutionBBC News - Dec 9, 2009 The court said legalising prostitution would help in the monitoring of the trade and rehabilitating sex workers. Although illegal, prostitution is a ... Move to legalise prostitution welcomed Thaindian.com JUST WORKING Calcutta Telegraph - Dec 11, 2009 India would need to evolve laws in such a way as to protect the newly lawful sex worker from the grasp of big criminal organizations, and to ensure that it ... Sex Workers in Southern India Practice AIDS PreventionVoice of America - - Dec 1, 2009 No sex" has become a mantra for around 4500 sex workers operating near India's southern city of Bangalore. With an estimated 2.5 million Indians infected ... Video: AIDS Service of Austin  KXAN.com Good news for city on HIV front Times of India At lit fests, I'm introduced as sex worker: Author JameelaThaindian.com - - Dec 11, 2009 At the conclave, titled "Sex Workers Rights Activism in India: Achievements and Challenges," sex workers discussed the challenges facing them. ... Sex workers demand legalization of prostitutionThaindian.com - Dec 9, 2009 The conclave, titled Sex Workers Rights Activism in India: Achievements and Challenges, is the first of its kind in the country where sex workers discussed ... Decline in HIV infection in South India, says reportThe Hindu - - Nov 24, 2009 Between 2003 and 2006, HIV prevalence among female sex workers in India fell by more than half – from 10.3 per cent to 4.9 per cent. In Pune, female sex ... People living with HIV up 20%, but epidemic has stabilised: WHO Daily News & Analysis Sex workers' union gives them the power to say noLivemint - - Nov 30, 2009 ... representative in India. "We have supported Durbar's initiatives on networking, rights protection and creating alternative livelihood for sex workers." Canada's leadership sought in AIDS fightVancouver Sun - Dec 11, 2009 A group of sex workers, some of whom are HIV-positive, share a meal in Dakar, Senegal. The HIV/AIDS epidemic continues to rage in many countries, ... Travis mccoy and MTV Get People Talking About HIV Huffington Post (blog) Church leaders request PM to oppose homosexualityChristian Today - India - - 4 hours ago 9 met the Prime Minister and informed him the consequences of the July 2 Delhi High Court verdict that legalized consensual gay sex by overturning a ... |
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- 10-12-2009
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- NEW DELHI: The Supreme Court on Wednesday asked the Centre whether it could legalize prostitution if it wasn't possible to curb it. "When you say it is the world's oldest ...
- Economic Times
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- 10-12-2009
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- 08-12-2009
- Indian court asks government to consider legalizing…
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- 10-12-2009
- Can we legalize prostitution?, Supreme Court
- The honourable Supreme Court of the country in a striking remark while hearing a public interest litigation yesterday (Wednesday) had asked the Government of India whether it is ...
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- 10-12-2009
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- NEW DELHI: The Supreme Court on Wednesday asked the Centre whether it could legalize prostitution if it wasn't possible to curb it. "When you say it is the world's oldest ...
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- 10-12-2009
INDIA FACTS ON PROSTITUTION
13-year-old Mira of Nepal was offered a job as a domestic worker in Bombay, India. She arrived at a brothel on Bombay's Falkland Road, where tens of thousands of young women are displayed in row after row of zoo-like animal cages. Her father had been duped into giving her to a trafficker. When she refused to have sex, she was dragged into a torture chamber in a dark alley used for 'breaking in' new girls. She was locked in a narrow, windowless room without food or water. On the fourth day, one of the madam's thugs goonda wrestled her to the floor and banged her head against the concrete until she passed out. When she awoke, she was naked; a rattan cane smeared with pureed red chili peppers shoved into her vagina. Later she was raped by the goonda........
Afterwards, she complied with their demands. The madam told Mira that she had been sold to the brothel for 50,000 rupees (about US$1,700), that she had to work until she paid off her debt. Mira was sold to a client who then became her pimp. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
India, along with Thailand and the Philippines, has 1.3 million children in its sex-trade centers. The children come from relatively poorer areas and are trafficked to relatively richer ones. (Soma Wadhwa, "For sale childhood," Outlook, 1998)
India and Paksitan are the main destinations for children under 16 who are trafficked in south Asia. (Masako Iijima, "S. Asia urged to unite against child prostitution," Reuters, 19 June 1998)
Districts bordering Maharashtra and Karnataka, known as the "devadasi belt," have trafficking structures operating at various levels. The women here are in prostitution either because their husbands deserted them, or they are trafficked through coercion and deception. Many are devadasi dedicated into prostitution for the goddess Yellamma. In one Karnataka brothel, all 15 girls are devadasi. (Meena Menon, "The Unknown Faces")
Women and children from India are sent to nations of the Middle East daily. Girls in prostitution and domestic service in India, Pakistan and the Middle East are tortured, held in virtual imprisonment, sexually abused, and raped. (Indrani Sinha, SANLAAP India, "Paper on Globalization and Human Rights")
In Bombay, children as young as 9 are bought for up to 60,000 rupees, or US$2,000, at auctions where Arabs bid against Indian men who believe sleeping with a virgin cures gonorrhea and syphilis. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
160,000 Nepalese women are held in India's brothels. (Executive Director of SANLAAP, Indrani Sinha, Paper on Globalization and Human Rights")
About 5,000-7,000 Nepalese girls are trafficked to India every day. 100,000-160,000 Nepalese girls are prostituted in brothels in India. About 45,000 Nepalese girls are in the brothels of Bombay and 40,000 in Calcutta. (Women's groups in Nepal, 'Trafficking in Women and Children: The Cases of Bangladesh, pp.8 & 9, UBINIG, 1995)
In 1982, 13 year old Tulasa was abducted from a village near Kathmandu in Nepal and sold to a brothel in Bombay. She was dressed in European-style clothes and taken to luxury hotels to serve mostly Arab clients until a hotel manager called the police. Hospitalized, Tulasa was found to be suffering from three types of venereal disease and tuberculosis. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
There are approximately 10 million prostitutes in India. (Human Rights Watch, Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
There are more than 100,000 women in prostitution in Bombay, Asia's largest sex industry center. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
At least 2,000 women are in prostitution along the Baina beachfront in Goa. (Frederick Moronha, India Abroad News Service, 9 August 1997)
There are 300,000-500,000 children in prostitution in India. (Rahul Bedi, "Bid To Protect Children As Sex Tourism Spreads,"London's Daily Telegraph, 23 August, 1997)
90% of the 100,000 women in prostitution in Bombay are indentured slaves. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
Of 1,000 red light districts all over India, cage prostitutes are mostly minors, often from Nepal and Bangladesh. (CATW - Asia Pacific, Trafficking in Women and Prostitution in the Asia Pacific)
The red light district in Bombay generates at least $400 million a year in revenue, with 100,000 prostitutes servicing men 365 days a year, averaging 6 customers a day, at $2 each. (Robert I. Freidman, "India's Shame: Sexual Slavery and Political Corruption Are Leading to An AIDS Catastrophe," The Nation, 8 April 1996)
The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II
Sex Trafficking: The Global Market in Women and Children (Contemporary Social Issues)
Paralumun New Age Village
http://www.paralumun.com/issuesindia.htm
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| parvathy: geo-tech is a corporation in which govt.of india had 50% shares. Payal was working as a stenographer in the corporation. Payal along with the MD,2 directors,2general managers and a stenographer went to a foreign trip for promotion of corporation's business. while in a foreign country she was constrained to share a room with her stenographer colleague,as there was lack of space.during the night he left the room and as per earlier understanding let his MD and 2GM's into the room and they had sexual intercourse with her against her will.she calmed down as it was a foreign country. on reaching india the co-stenographer narrated the happenings to his colleagues.payal comited suicide. Based on the suicidal note police started investigation. The sessions judge found the 3MD and 2GM's guilty on the statement of the stenographer who turned approver. They were convicted and sentenced to undergo 10 years imprisonment. On appeal the high court confirmed the conviction but reduced the punishment to 5years imprisonment | |
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Taming the sexual tiger
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My Experiments With Sex could well have been the title of the other bestseller by Mahatma Gandhi.
Throughout his life and right into his old age, Gandhi tried to comprehend the power of sexual urges and shared his thoughts through his writings. Becoming increasingly spiritual as he progressed in life, he decided to become celibate after 36. As is well documented by Ved Mehta in Mahatma Gandhi And His Apostles and other books by Nirmal Kumar Bose, Erik H Erikson, and by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre in Freedom At Midnight, Gandhi put himself to the test by taking naked women to bed.
With rare courage, he confessed in his autobiography that during his sixteenth year, his mind was overwhelmingly preoccupied with sex, driving him repeatedly to the bedroom to his pregnant wife as his father lay dying in an adjoining room. He never forgave himself for missing the moment when his father died, all because of his "carnal desire even at the critical hour of my father's death, which demanded wakeful service".
Gandhi discussed his thoughts on sex somewhat candidly in spite of the highly conservative and reactionary environment of his times. He viewed himself as "a lustful though faithful husband" and as he said in his autobiography, "It took me long to get free from the shackles of lust, and I had to pass through many ordeals before I could overcome it."
The world has passed through multiple sexual revolutions since and India is just beginning to open up on this front. Sexual freedom is increasingly becoming a reality, especially for urban Indian men and women, and there is ample opportunity for experimentation, be it real or virtual.
As our society embraces new attitudes on sex, making it challenging particularly for the youth, thefact remains that howsoever outdated and irrelevant Gandhi's thoughts may seem today, his focal point on managing one's sexual urges continues to be relevant. All the more for people in the public glare, who have high stakes in carefully cultivated images which are often just facades.
Tiger Woods is but the latest in the long string of notables from any and every country whose image has been shattered by the revelation of his sexual escapades. It was Bill Clinton before him who made headline news on the same subject. Both Clinton and Woods projected the image of ideal family men but confessed that they had erred in weak moments.
Our present ethic on fidelity in marriage can be traced to the traditions of the Catholic Church and 18th century America which "condemned sex outside marriage and exalted family solidarity". As it stands, marriage has emerged as more than a practical institution; it is a bond of trust among couples that weakens, if not breaks, with the discovery of infidelity.
The matter of suppressing sexual urges has been central to practically all religions, although virtually all religious orders have failed in trying to keep their priests and pundits celibate, as is evidenced from scandal upon scandal.
It may be argued that Hinduism, which gave the world the manual of sex, the Kama Sutra, has been tolerant of this primal urge, advocating the middle path and "the withdrawal of the senses in a weak moment" just as "a tortoise pulls itself under its shell in times of danger".
The American philosopher Will Durant described sex as "our strongest instinct and greatest problem" after hunger. He strongly disapproved of the gross stimulation provided to this instinct by modern civilisation through advertisement and other means and looked upon marriage as a solution "to take our minds off sex, and become adult".
It may be forcefully argued that the traditional emphasis on suppressing the sexual urge has, on the contrary, fuelled the sex industry and, as a consequence, the trafficking of children who die young or end up as unwillingprostitutes. Legalising prostitution is one way of coming out of our denial and this thought was expressed recently by the Supreme Court.
Way back on August 28, 1968, Osho (then known as Acharya Rajneesh) bravely and brilliantly delivered his 'Sambhog se samadhi ki ore' (From sex towards superconsciousness) lectures at the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan and at Gowalia Tank in what was then Bombay. Beginning with the question, what is the meaning of love, he lambasted religious doctrines for their destructive approach to sex, holding them responsible for man's biggest obsession.
Echoing the thoughts of Sigmund Freud, Rajneesh described the sex drive as the fundamental energy in man and demanded that society must demystify sex for its children; accept and embrace this mysterious force as a friend. Rather perceptively, he had said, "The more you embrace sex in its true spirit, the greater will be your freedom from it; the more you deny it, the greater will be your destruction."
http://www.dnaindia.com/opinion/main-article_taming-the-sexual-tiger_1323404
'Kakodkar ignoring facts on N-tests'
New Delhi, Dec 14 (PTI) K Santhanam, a retired DRDO scientist, today accused former AEC chief Anil Kakodkar of "ignoring facts" about the yield of the nuclear tests done at Pokhran in May 1998, calling him "a liar" motivated by institutional loyalties. "Figures don''t lie, but liars will figure.
He chose to ignore facts for his own reasons," Santhanam told PTI when his comments were sought on remarks made by Kakodkar in a TV interview. Kakodkar had said yesterday that DRDO scientists had provided only "logistic support" to the nuclear test and that it would not be correct to assume Santhanam knew everything, as information was given only on a need-to-know basis.
"There are several inaccuracies in his (Kakodkar''s) statement. The DRDO was a major partner in the 1998 tests and not what Kakodkar has claimed.
that we only provided logistical support. That is very far away from truth," Santhanam said.
"He (Kakodkar) is motivated by institutional loyalties," he said when asked about the former AEC chief''s assertion that the nuclear tests were a success and had yielded more than 45 kilo tons. "We (DRDO scientists) were there as those responsible for the explosive trigger and measuring chain reaction in the core.
We were responsible for full-fledged high-end explosive development and production without which the atom bomb is naked," Santhanam, a key scientist involved in the 1998 nuclear tests, said.
PTI
For me, Indian Power Politics and Prostitution are just Two Sides of the Same coin! Politicians are at best Manipulators, Hypocrites, Traitors, Corrupt, Anti National, Corporate Salves and masters of Genocide! The Sex Workers, at least, are not that DISHONEST!If politicians do everything to ensure Free Market democracy killing all Values, Social barriers and cultural discipline to gain personal Milage, then why the SEX Workers shoul be denied to run their business on the line of SEX Tourism as Knowldege Economy and War Industry are quite in Vogue. at leats the Sex workers are not genetically modified nor the transfer Biological, chemical and Nuclear Technology to kill the Humanity!
Will legalising prostitution, an issue raised by the Supreme Court, end the exploitation of thousands of women pushed into the flesh trade and help curb the spread of HIV or would it be better to decriminalise it?
I have to return Home everey night from my workplace in BBD Bagh, Kolkata late in the night via CR Avenue across SONAGACHHI and have to witness HUMANITY gang raped daily! Woman and Child Trafficking have become the post modern lifestyle spinning money fastest and most. Human Scapes and land scapes alienated starve and opt for EXODUS landing into the Human Meat market!
What Moral and ethical right we have to deny the Sex Workers as we have OPTED for FREE MARKET Democarcy and have decoupled ourselves with anything Indian in the largest Peripherry of US Corporate war Econmomy?
African nations accused rich countries on Monday of trying to kill the U.N.'s existing Kyoto Protocol for cutting greenhouse gases, in a deep split four days before world leaders aim to forge a new U.N. climate pact.
Suicide Zone is on BOIL but it is nothing to do with Agrarian Crisis or starving Indian Peasantry. It is all about Sponsered Corporate ETHNONATIONALISM in Full STEAM as Pro-Vidarbha activists halt train!he old demand for carving out a separate state of Vidarbha from Maharashtra was intensified Monday when some activists stopped the Vidarbha Express near Nagpur.According to a Central Railway official, around 200 activists of the Youth Front halted the Mumbai-Nagpur Vidarbha Express on the outskirts of the state's second capital Nagpur by lying down across the railway tracks. While the KEY Stone in the Brahaminical satanic zionist Corporate Indian State Power Equation, Defacto Prime Minister, elite Kayastha Brahmin from Bengal plays the GAME very safe for the Ruling Zionist Dynasty as Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee said the Telangana issue cannot be discussed in Lok Sabha unless the Andhra Pradesh Assembly passes a resolution for a separate state. This was conveyed by the Finance Minister to a delegation of 17 MPs from coastal Andhra Pradesh and Rayalseema.On the other hand, Natural resources have been RESERVED for Indian Incs as the Government of Indian Incs on Monday clarified that to make the forest areas out of bound for mining and to protect them against illegal mining, the forest areas are being demarcated by erecting permanent boundary pillars.Marking at appropriate points would aid to segregate forest land from other areas, the ministry said.
Union Environment and Forest Ministry stated in additional precaution is taken while according approval for mining in forest areas by invariably inserting other conditions.Centre has carried out fresh forest survey to determine how much success has been achieved in plantation of trees over the years.
The information is being collected from different sources and will be laid on the table of the House after collection and compilation of the same. As per India State of Forest Report, 2009, the total forest cover is 690.899 sq kilometres, which is 21.02 percent of the total geographical area of the country.
At the cost of the project the project area has to be demarcated on ground at the project cost, using four feet high RCC pillars, with each pillar inscribed with the serial number, forward and backward bearings and distance between two adjacent pillars and fencing, protection and regeneration of the safety zone area which is 7.5 meter strip all along the outer boundary of the mining lease area has to be done, the ministry said.
Amid growing clamour for creation of smaller states, New and Renewable Energy Minister Farooq Abdullah on Monday opposed such demands, saying "how much more can you divide India. I was never in favour of creation of smaller states."While, The demand for a separate Gorkhaland state to be carved out of West Bengal brought senior Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) veteran L.K. Advani and expelled party leader Jaswant Singh together in parliament Monday.Leader of Opposition Advani responded positively to Darjeeling MP Jaswant Singh's request in Lok Sabha Monday to support his demand that the government take steps to end the hunger strike by activists seeking the creation of Gorkhaland.
Recalling his three-decade long association with Advani and addressing the BJP MPs as his 'former colleagues' during zero hour, Jaswant Singh said: 'I appeal to my former colleagues to join me in my appeal to the government.'
'In our manifesto, we have mentioned it (a separate Gorkhaland state). In the evening a delegation will meet me,' Advani said in the house, addressing Jaswant as 'my colleague'.
Raising the matter during zero hour, Jaswant Singh asked the government to appeal to the agitating Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM) activists to end their hunger-strike and shutdown in the region till the talks between the GJM leaders and the central government are held.
In the wake of arrest of five terror-accused US nationals in Pakistan, the PML-Q has alleged that the United States is deliberately 'exporting terrorism' to Pakistan.Meanwhile, Taliban trained suicide attackers have managed to enter India, with Kolkata, Mumbai, Delhi and Gujarat being their prime targets, intelligence sources were quoted by a private television channel, as saying.Security has therefore been tightened at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE).
Kolkata, Mumbai and the national capital, besides Gujarat, have been put on high alert following intelligence inputs that Taliban-trained terrorists have sneaked into these cities to target vital installations.A top Union Home Ministry official on Monday said that Taliban-trained 'fidayeen' (suicide squad) have entered the country to carry out attacks at "specific" installations, including Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, defence establishments among others.
Bombay Stock Exchange, RSS headquarters are also among the likely targets of the "Pashtoon-looking" terrorists, the official said adding that instructions have been issued to lay a tighten security net around these installations.
Intelligence inputs suggest that the World Hockey Championships to be held in Delhi next month is also a terror target. The American Consulate in Kolkata is also considered a potential target.On the other hand, India will get Gorshkov in good shape, claims Russian envoy!It's official now. After India, Russia has also confirmed that problems relating to the price of the aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov has been sorted out, and it will be delivered to India in a good shape.
The offices of the Rashtriya Swayamswak Sangh (RSS) in different cities too have been alerted.
The Central Government has issued advisories for Maharashtra, West Bengal, Delhi and Gujarat.
The channel further quoted intelligence sources as saying that the FBI would provide voice samples of terror suspect David Coleman Headley as help in further investigations.
Terror alert sounded in metro centres!On the other hand, Days after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's visit to Moscow, Russian ambassador to India Alexander Kadakin Monday said the final price for the refurbishment of aircraft carrier Admiral Gorshkov has been finalised.Meanwhile,the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Monday submitted its 66-page probe report into the alleged rape and murder of two women in south Kashmir Shopian district which triggered a massive furore in the Kashmir Valley this year.On the other hand, Emphatically reiterating India's firm position on all issues related to climate change, Minister of State for Environment and Forests Jairam Ramesh on that there was no question of New Delhi changing its goal post.
Indian Parliament session to end Dec 21, what a COMIC Relief from the Best reality Show in Free market democracy as No Body represnts the No Body`s People in the No Body`s land! It may not be explained but have to be seen with wide open EYES with TELENGANA Pandora`s BOX opens the Game Royal for Manipulation Mandate and readjustment of Demography to clear the decks for MONOPOLISTIC Corporate aggression!Yes, The winter session of parliament will conclude Dec 21, Parliamentary Affairs Minister Pawan Kumar Bansal said Monday.
"The winter session of parliament is concluding on Dec 21," Bansal told IANS.
There was demand from some MPs that the session should end earlier, on Dec 18.
Telangana stalemate continues, AP assembly adjourned sine die!
The Andhra Pradesh Assembly was adjourned sine die on Monday as the deadlock over resignations of MLAs from Andhra and Rayalseema regions continued following an announcement by the Centre to carve out a separate Telangana state.
Speaker N Kiran Kumar Reddy adjourned the House sine die after Legislative Affairs Minister D Prasada Rao moved a motion Under Rule 16 of the Assembly Rules in that regard amidst pandemonium.
The Assembly was originally scheduled to hold the winter session till December 23.
However, with more than 130 MLAs of Andhra and Ralayasemma Region submitting their resignations and with the remaining members disrupting the proceedings, Government chose to bring the sessions to an end.
The winter session which began on December 7 had not transacted any business in the five days it sat except for passing a condolence resolution in memory of late Chief Minister Y S Rajasekhar Reddy.
Prasada Rao said conducting proceedings in the House was not possible in a surcharged atmosphere and at a time when majority of MLAs have submitted their resignation.
Therefore, "I am moving the motion under Rule 16 of the Assembly rule for adjourning the House sine die," Rao said.
A terror alert was Monday sounded in Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata following intelligence reports of possible suicide attacks on vital installations in these cities.
Home ministry sources said the inputs claimed that trained suicide squads have sneaked into India to carry out these attacks.
Security has been tightened at airports, public places and iconic structures in these cities.
Last month, ahead of the first anniversary of the 26/11 attacks, a similar alert was sounded by intelligence agencies in key coastal cities.
Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore and coastal Gujarat were among the places put on alert by the Indian Navy then.
'There is major contradiction in the statements of US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and the transgression of US citizens in Pakistan. If the US does not wish to act as a patron, then it has no business exporting terrorism to Pakistan in the form of US nationals recently caught in Pakistan planning terror attacks along with Al Qaeda,' The Daily Times quoted PML-Q parliamentarian Marvi Memon, as saying.
She demanded the Pakistan Government provide parliament with complete details of the 9,236 visas issued by Pakistan to US nationals during the last four months.
'It was clear from the behaviour of the US nationals that they imagined themselves as colonialists. The Kerry Lugar law has legalised US colonialism in Pakistan,' she said.
The arrests of five men, she said, proved that some of the US nationals were risk to national security, and the government should take action against them.
Referring to an article in Vanity Fair magazine on Blackwater's presence in Pakistan, Memon said that Interior Minister Rehman Malik owed an apology to the nation, if not his promised resignation.
Talking to reporters in New Delhi, new Russian envoy Alexander Kadakin said: 'The pricing talks is successful and is sorted out, Gorshkov will be supplied to India in a very good shape as razor edge technology as India wants'.
The Russian envoy further said:'We are building a new heart into a middle-aged gentleman Gorshkov, which will be called VikramAditya'.
The pricing of the Admiral Gorshkov has been a contentious issue in the India-Russia strategic relationship for almost six years.
A deal for purchasing the ship was signed in Januray 2004. The original price was pegged at 974 million dollars, but in November 2007, Russia asked India to pay 1.2 billion USD, and this year, pushed it up to 2.2 billion USD. The eventual cost was pegged at a whopping 2.9 billion USD, which was almost three times the original cost.
Refusing to divulge the final price at which the deal has been struck, Ambassador Kadakin said unnecessary hype has been created over the deal.
Speculation suggests that the final price will be settled at 2.5 billion USD.
The price Issue is believed to have been resolved during Prime MInister Manmohan Singh's recent visit to Moscow.
Both countries signed seven agreements, including a historic broad-based umbrella agreement on the peaceful use of nuclear
energy.
According to Ambassador Kadakin, Russia will also supply a new batch of Sukhois. There was also progress on a probable purchase of medium-range transport planes, he added.
"Talks were successful. Talks have concluded," the Russian envoy said when asked about the final price at which Russia has agreed to sell Admiral Gorshkov to India.
The envoy, however, declined to disclose the final price of the aircraft carrier that has been the subject of protracted negotiations between the two sides.
"Please don't sensationalise Gorshkov's pricing. These are routine price negotiations," said Kadakin, an old India hand whose earlier tenure as Russia's ambassador to India (1999-2004) saw the forging of strategic partnership between the two countries.
The Gorshkov issue came up during the summit level talks between Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and Russian President Dmitry Medvedev in Moscow last week.
After the talks, Indian Foreign Secretary Nirupama Rao had said the negotiations over price and other technical issues relating to the re-fitted aircraft carrier were brought "to a successful conclusion".
Rao, too, did not disclose the final price agreed to by both sides.
Kadakin admitted that there were "mistakes" by both sides in negotiating the price, but assured that these issues have now been sorted out.
The carrier would be supplied to India in a very good shape with cutting-edge technology, Kadakin said.
Kadakin said India-Russia defence ties remained as strong as ever and Moscow was not worried about New Delhi diversifying its purchase of military hardware from other countries.
He admitted that supplying spares and maintenance of Russian weaponry sold to India remained an issue, but expressed confidence that these would be sorted out soon.
Moscow had reportedly asked for $2.9 billion for the aircraft carrier, nearly thrice the price that was originally agreed between the two sides in 2004.
But New Delhi insisted on scaling back the price to $2.1 billion.
Delays in re-fitting the aircraft carrier and huge cost overruns had turned out to be an irritant over the otherwise time-tested relationship between the two countries.
On Wednesday, Justices Dalveer Bhandari and A.K. Patnaik of the apex court told Solicitor-General Gopal Subramaniam on the matter of prstitution that "when you say it is the world's oldest profession and when you are not able to curb it by laws, why don't you legalize it? You can then monitor the trade, rehabilitate and provide medical aid to those involved."
Kerala Education and Culture Minister M.A. Baby said there are countries that have legalized the world's oldest profession "but in a place like ours which has a rich cultural ethos, this certainly cannot happen".
"In order to tackle HIV, basic education has to be provided to all with special emphasis on adult education at the Plus 2 levels. The present employment guarantee scheme should also be spread across the length and breadth of the country. Child marriages should not take place and land reforms should be undertaken," Baby told IANS.
S.K. Harikumar, behavior physician and a leading consultant in HIV/AIDS, said that legalizing and decriminialisation are two different issues.
"As far as I see this, decriminalization of multi-partner sex among both males and females should take place. This should no longer be a criminal act. The right to privacy in sexual acts, urges and desires should be vested with the individual. Legalising this will in no way guarantee anything," Harikumar said.
According to the latest figures, Harikumar said there are more than 55,000 prostitutes in Kerala and the pattern over the years is that it has been showing consistent growth.
Fr Paul Thelakat, spokesperson of the Syro Malabar Catholic Church in Kerala, said there is no guarantee that HIV can be eradicated by legalizing prostitution but would instead aggravate it.
"We are living in a world where man and woman are equal with full dignity of a son and daughter of god. A nation must engage in greater efforts to help free women from the abuses against human dignity that result from prostitution. The state must not make prostitution a form of employment but provide other dignified employment opportunities," Thelakat told IANS.
Nalini Jameela, 56, who has been a sex worker since 1978, is in the news because of her Malayalam book, translated into English as "Autobiography of a Sex Worker", which sold 13,000 copies within 100 days of its release in 2004 and went through six editions.
Attending a conclave of sex workers in Bangalore, Jameela said she has to literally fight every day against the stigma attached to her profession. "We have done our best to be part of various other mainstream groups, but we are still stigmatised," lamented the author and sex workers' rights activist.
Nalini feels the biggest battle for her community is to make the profession legal. "Once our profession is legalised, nobody can harass us," Nalini told IANS.
"On one hand, police use force and violence against us. Society also discriminates against us because of our profession. All this violence and discrimination will end once our profession is legalised," she said.
Furore over CBI report on Shopian double murder
The report was filed before the Jammu and Kashmir High Court that was yet to decide whether to examine it in an open court or in-camera given the sensitivity of the case.
The two women, Nilofar Jan, 22, and her 17-year-old sister-in-law Asiya Jan, were found dead May 30 off a stream in Shopian, triggering a major uprising in the Kashmir Valley this summer amid allegations that the woman had been raped and murdered.
Shopian town, 50 km from here, observed a 47-day shutdown before the state government announced a one-man inquiry commission.
An autopsy report had confirmed that the women were raped and the government appointed commission alleged that four police officers were involved in destroying some of the key evidence following which they were suspended and arrested. The case was then handed over to the CBI in September.
The court had directed the CBI not to share its investigation with the media. However, some newspapers in Srinagar, indicating that the report was apparently leaked to them, reported that the central probe team has concluded that the women died of drowning and there was no foul play in the deaths.
The drowning theory corroborates the first statement of Chief Minister Omar Abdullah on the incident. He later said he had been misled by the Shopian district administration and police.
The Delhi-based Independent Women's Initiative for Justice (IWIJ), which had sent its team to the valley on a fact finding mission, in its report released Thursday alleged that the Jammu and Kashmir government was involved in a major hush-up of the case.
The IWIJ report argues that as for "accidental drowning of the two women in the nallah (stream), where no one in recent or living memory has ever drowned, we would need to be more than merely credulous to believe that".
The IWIJ said that during its team's visit to Shopian in August this year it found that the water in the stream was only ankle-deep -- not enough for anybody to drown in it.
A division bench of the high court, comprising Chief Justice Barin Ghosh and Justice Mohammed Yaqoob Mir, is expected to take up the case later in the day.
Some senior officers of the CBI were present in the court when the report was submitted to the court.
NREGA job cards valid upto five years: Centre
The Union Government on Monday clarified that the job cards issued under the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGA) are valid for a period of five years.
As per the NREGA guidelines the Gram Panchayats are required to issue job cards to the households who apply for registration after verification of name, age and address of the adult members of a household and affixing their photograph on the job cards.
Replying to a question in the Lok Sabha Union Minister of State for Rural Development Pradeep Jain Aditya said : In Andhra Pradesh, all households who applied for job cards have been issued the job card. However, in Uttar Pradesh, as per reports received from the State Government, 218913 registered households have not been issued job cards."
India inflation hit 4.8 percent in November, AS
India's headline inflation rate leapt to 4.8 percent in November, the government said Monday, adding to pressure on the central bank to unwind monetary stimulus measures. Most politically worrying is food price inflation, which has been driven by India's driest monsoon in 37 years and, some economists say, rising rural demand.
The headline inflation rate was 1.3 percent in October. Food prices were 16.7 percent higher in November than they were the same month last year, with double and triple digit increases in the cost of staples like rice, milk, wheat, pulses, vegetables and potatoes, the Ministry of Commerce said.
Non-food inflation was just 1.9 percent. Food prices increased 4.7 percent from October to November alone, the Ministry said.
In part, the rise in the headline Wholesale Price Index is due to a diminishing base effect, caused by high commodities prices for much of last year. The Reserve Bank of India expects headline inflation to hit 6.5 percent by March.
ERIKA KINETZ AP Business Writer
Rising inflation adds to case for tightening
India's wholesale prices rose faster than expected in November, and analysts said inflation worries could prompt the central bank to tighten banks' reserve requirements in coming weeks and raise rates early next year.
Manufactured goods prices rose 4 percent from a year earlier, a sign that inflation pressures were spreading from food prices to the broader economy, and that could prompt the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to raise the cash reserve ratio (CRR) before year-end.
The wholesale price index rose an annual 4.78 percent in November, higher than a Reuters poll of 4.14 percent and October's 1.34 percent rise, as food prices surged after the worst monsoon rains since 1972 and then flooding hurt crops.
"With demand picking up, we expect firms to have a greater ability to pass through higher costs," Nomura economist Sonal Varma said.
"Therefore, supply-side inflation may easily translate into demand-side inflation, if inflation expectations are not anchored," she said, adding she expected an interest rate rise in January and a CRR increase before that.
Wholesale prices have already risen 7.5 percent from the beginning of the 2009/10 financial year that started in April, and analysts have predicted inflation could climb to 8 percent by the end of the fiscal year.
However, Finance Secretary Ashok Chawla said inflation was still below the central bank's forecast of 6.5 percent for the end of the fiscal year next March.
"So it is not as if we are taken by surprise or there is any cause for any special emergency action at this stage," he added.
The central bank, which slashed banks' reserve requirements and cut its key lending rate by 425 basis points during the worst of the global crisis, began scaling back stimulus at its October policy review by removing some liquidity support measures.
It left rates steady at October's review. The next review is in late January, but it can adjust monetary policy at any time.
The benchmark 10-year bond yield rose to the day's high of 7.59 percent after the data from 7.55 percent, but later unwound most of the rise.
The 30-share BSE index ended down 0.1 percent at 17,097.55 points after having up about 0.83 percent beforehand.
MANUFACTURING PRICES
While rising inflation has been mainly driven by a surge in food prices -- they were up an annual 16.71 percent in November -- the index for manufacturing products, which accounts for almost two-thirds of WPI basket, rose 3.99 percent in November from previous month's annual rise of 1.36 percent.
Industrial output grew 10.3 percent in October from a year earlier, on robust consumer demand and government stimulus spending, and annual economic growth of 7.9 percent in the September quarter was the fastest in 18 months.
"(The rise in manufacturing inflation) is clear evidence of inflation climbing up in November on the back of not just primary articles but also manufactured products," said Shubhada Rao, chief economist of YES Bank.
"Firming inflation will be on RBI's radar and we maintain our earlier call of a CRR hike in December," she said.
Food prices are politically sensitive in India and even though monetary policy can do little to influence them, Reserve Bank of India officials have flagged concern that rising food costs could fan inflationary expectations.
"Comments last week from (RBI) Governor Subbarao about the potential impact of food prices on inflationary expectations provide a clear signal that the RBI is preparing the ground for rate hikes starting early next year, and today's numbers should reinforce the case for such a move," said Brian Jackson, an economist at Royal Bank of Canada in Hong Kong.
Jackson expects rates to rise 75 basis points in the first quarter of next year.
How much more can you divide India, asks Farooq
Amid growing clamour for creation of smaller states, New and Renewable Energy Minister Farooq Abdullah on Monday opposed such demands, saying "how much more can you divide India. I was never in favour of creation of smaller states. Today also, I am not in favour of smaller states," he told reporters outside Parliament.
The Minister's remark comes against the backdrop of several parties and organisations demanding new states, taking a cue from the Telangana issue.
Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati has already favoured creation of three new states out of her state -- Bundelkhand, Paschimanchal and Poorvanchal.
The Gorkha Janmukti Morcha, on the other hand, began a 96-hour shutdown in the Darjeeling Hills from today demanding creation of Gorkhaland out of West Bengal.
In Abdullah's home state of Jammu and Kashmir too, some organisations are demanding a separate Jammu state.
No question of India compromising on 'teen-murti': Ramesh
Addressing the media in Copenhagen, Ramesh said: "India would not compromise on 'teen-murti' (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol and Bali Action Plan).
Ramesh also said that Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, who is scheduled to arrive in Copenhagen on December 17, would not be visiting to negotiate the text.
"I have clearly and categorically stated on behalf of the Government of India that our Prime Minister is not coming here to negotiate the text," Ramesh said.
PM to make India point
Ramesh further said the Prime Minister would be coming to share India's views.
Earlier, he had said that India would legally reject binding targets of any kind and would demand greater cuts from the West. He had also assured the Parliament during a debate that this was a unilateral decision and in India's interest.
India would not accept any draft that suggested, "India's emissions should be so much by whatever year," he had said.
Prime Minister Dr. Singh will attend the Copenhagen summit on climate change after India announced that it would consider an emission cut of 20 to 25 percent by 2020, but would not be coerced into accepting unilateral cuts decided by developed countries.
Intense negotiations in commitments on emission cuts will be discussed in the two-week long summit.
The United Nations is aiming for a comprehensive political agreement at climate talks in the Danish capital.
The troubled talks have run out of time to settle a legally binding deal after rancorous arguments between rich and poor nations about who should cut emissions, by how much and who should pay.
New Delhi has so far refused to accept international legally binding emission reduction targets, though it is prepared to discuss and make public periodically the status of its domestic climate action.
GJM ends four-day shutdown in Darjeeling hills
The Gorkha Janamukti Morcha (GJM) called off its four-day shutdown in the Darjeeling Hills only hours after it began Monday, said the group that seeks a separate Gorkhaland in West Bengal.According to GJM president Bimal Gurung, Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)leader L.K. Advani and Home Minister P. Chidambaram requested them to call off the agitation in view of the Dec 21 tripartite talks in Darjeeling.
The 96-hour shutdown was called by GJM in three hill sub-divisions -
Darjeeling, Kurseong and Kalimpong - to press for a separate Gorkhaland to be curved out of the state's northern region.
"We had a meeting with top BJP leaders today (Monday). They appealed to us to refrain from any agitational activity now," GJM general secretary Giri told IANS from New Delhi.
In New Delhi, GJM women activists began a relay hunger strike at Jantar Mantar to demand a Gorkhaland state.
The GJM activists are also on indefinite hunger strike in Darjeeling, Kurseong, Kalimpong and Siliguri in Darjeeling district and in Matigara in Jalpaiguri district.
"They (BJP leaders) have also requested us to withdraw the hunger strike," Gurung said.
Giri said: "The BJP leaders said that the Gorkhaland issue is there in the party's manifesto. They told us to go ahead with the Dec 21 talks."
Darjeeling district administration sources said the GJM strike was withdrawn at 6.00 p.m. Monday.
Normal life came to a halt in several places, including Darjeeling town, with shops, markets and offices closed and public transport keeping off the roads due to the shutdown. Tourists in thousands fled the 'queen of the hills' fearing trouble.
GJM activists earlier set up counters at various points across the region to facilitate tourists who could be stranded during the shutdown.
The GJM has been spearheading a movement for Gorkhaland, besides opposing special status to the hill governing body Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC).
The movement got a fillip after the central government conceded the demannd for a Telengana state to be formed out of parts of Andhra Pradesh.
The central government in 2005 offered the Sixth Schedule status to the Gorkha National Liberation Front (GNLF)-led Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council (DGHC), ensuring greater autonomy to the governing body.
The GJM organised indefinite shutdowns twice in the hills last year and once in the run-up to the Lok Sabha polls this year, severely hitting tea, timber and tourism - the bread and butter of the region.
Nepal Army chief is honorary General of Indian Army
Nepalese Army Chief General Chhatra Man Singh Gurung, an alumnus of the Indian Military Academy (IMA), was today conferred the honorary rank of General of the Indian Army. President Pratibha Patil conferred the rank to Gen Gurung at a ceremony here by presenting a sword and a peak cap along with a conferment order.
Defence Minister A K Antony, Army Chief General Deepak Kapoor, IAF Chief Air Chief Marshal P V Naik and Navy Chief Admiral Nirmal Verma and Defence Secretary Pradeep Kumar were present during the 15-minute ceremony at Rashtrapati Bhavan. It is a tradition between the Indian and the Nepalese Army for the respective chiefs to be conferred honorary General rank of each other''s Army too.
Gen Gurung, who was born on July 18, 1952 in Tanahu district of Nepal, is a graduate of the Dehradun-based IMA and has had long association with the Indian Army training establishments where he had done several military courses. He joined the Nepal Army in December 1971 and after 38 years of service, was appointed the chief of the Nepalese Army on September 9 this year.
The General also has peace-keeping experience, having served with the United Nations mission in Lebanon for two years as Operations Staff Officer, Chief Military Personnel Officer and Chief of Staff.
Mayawati's smaller states demand 'political stunt': Congress
erming Chief Minister Mayawati's demand of carving out smaller states out of Uttar Pradesh as a 'political stunt', the Congress Monday claimed her main motive was to divert the attention of the masses from her 'corrupt practices'.
'Mayawati wants to shift attention of the public from her corrupt practices, particularly misuse of funds to the tune of crores of rupees in the name of setting up parks, memorials and installing statues,' state Congress legislature party leader Pramod Tiwari told reporters here.
'Doesn't Mayawati know that for creation of smaller states out of Uttar Pradesh, she needs to bring the matter in the assembly and pass the necessary resolutions? If she is so serious, why is she hesitant to take up the issue in the assembly? She (Mayawati) should know very well that creation of states cannot take place merely by writing letters to the prime minister,' he added.
After her demand for trifurcation of Uttar Pradesh, Chief Minister Mayawati has now sought further division of the state to carve out Purvanchal on the state's eastern districts.
Omar flatly rules out division of Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah Monday ruled out any division of the state, rebuffing those asking for statehood for Jammu region, and said his government was trying to ensure that 'justice is done' to the state's three regions.
'Jammu and Kashmir is already a small state and we cannot afford to divide it to make it smaller,' Omar said.
He was replying to a question on creation of a separate state for Jammu region, as has been demanded by a group here after the central government's tentative nod to a separate Telangana in Andhra Pradesh.
The Jammu Sangarsh Morcha has raised the demand for statehood for Jammu region, which has a larger area than the Kashmir Valley. Its convenor Virender Gupta claimed at a press conference Saturday that 'Kashmir was dominating the other two regions.'
The Ladakh Union Territory Forum has asked the central government to grant Union Territory status to the Ladakh region.
Omar, who has been chief minister for a little over 11 months, claimed: 'All the three regions (Kashmir Valley, Jammu region and Ladakh) were getting their due. We are ensuring that justice is done to all the three regions.'
But he hastily added, 'Some regions and sub-regions needed to be given more autonomy.'
Omar's party, the National Conference, is supporting the cause of Chenab Valley Hill Council status for areas north of the Chenab river, and Pir Panjal Council for the twin border districts of Rajouri and Poonch - the hilly areas of Jammu region and dominated by Muslim population.
On demilitarization, the chief minister said this would be a decision taken by the union home minister and defence minister in consultation with each other. 'No single individual can decide on that,' he said, adding that as 'chief minister, I would be part of this decision making process'.
Autonomy for all regions in Kashmir soon: Omar Abdullah
Showing displeasure over rising demand for dividing the state of Jammu and Kashmir and creating separate state for Jammu, Chief Minister Omar Abdullah said on Monday that the government would not divide the state, but is the process of giving autonomy to all the regions within the state.
India's plan to carve a Telangana state out of Andhra Pradesh have sparked statehood demands in Jammu, posing a new challenge to the National Conference-led government.
Talking to the media after attending the 'International Conference on Policy, People and peace', Omar said: "Ours is already a very small state and it cannot be divided anymore. And, in this state, we have tried to fulfill the aspirations and rights of all the three regions equally by understanding their needs requirements, and the Center has also helped us in this".
When asked about the progress of providing regional autonomy to all regions, Abdullah informed: "We ourselves understand and realize that in this state all three regions can be given more autonomy within the state. Therefore, we are considering this proposal of regional autonomy and in this regard already few sessions have been held to prepare the report, one with center- state and other within the state that how to address the identity of regions and sub regions."
The Jammu state Morcha has been alleging discrimination and demanding separate state for Jammu, which has recently gained momentum after the announcement of Separate state for Telangana. By Tahir Nadeem Khan (ANI)
BJP walks out after Chidambaram's reply on 1984 riots
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) MPs walked out of the Rajya Sabha Monday, saying they were not satisfied with Home Minister P. Chidambaram's reply on the steps being taken to bring to book the perpetrators of the 1984 anti-Sikh riots
'The reply is not satisfactory,' BJP member S.S. Ahluwalia said as he led the BJP MPs out of the house.
Chidambaram, in his reply to the five-hour long discussion on a calling attention motion on the riots, lamented the lack of action against the police officers who were responsible for maintaining law and order.
'Obviously, the situation is most unsatisfactory... I'm not satisfied, I am still trying to find a way of punishing those guilty of dereliction of duty. We have to find a way,' the home minister said.
'Whatever we do, we have to do according to the law,' he added.
Recalling Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's statement in parliament on Aug 11, 2005 in which he apologised to the Sikh community and the entire nation on the riots, Chidambaram said: 'I have nothing more to add to it.'
'I hope such black days never be repeated,' he added.
Bundelkhand group to launch agitation for statehood
After Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati said she was in favour of statehood for Bundelkhand, an organisation from the backward region that straddles Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh has announced an agitation to push their demand for a separate state.
Bundelkhand Mukti Morcha (BMM) convenor Raja Bundela, addressing reporters here Monday, said that political parties were playing politics with their region, which consists of around 50 million people.
'Too much of politics was being played by both ruling parties - in Lucknow as well as at the centre (over Bundelkhand) and it is evident that neither is committed to addressing the real issue of giving statehood to us,' Bundela said, referring to Mayawati and Congress general secretary Rahul Gandhi.
Gandhi has asked the central government for a Rs.7,000 crore special package for development of the region.
'These are no solutions, rather these are only sops which have no meaning for those who have been looking forward to independent statehood,' he added.
To press their demand, Bundela said they would hold a major demonstration at Chitrakoot in Uttar Pradesh on Dec 16.
'The demonstration will culminate in a 300-km padyatra (walkathon) that will commence on Dec 16 from Chitrakoot and conclude at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh on Jan 1,' Bundela said.
'The idea behind the padyatra is to express solidarity of the people of Bundelkhand region, that is spread across these two states,' he said.
Bundela showed reporters copies of the covenant signed by the then rulers of 35 independent states of the region whereby they resolved to merge with the Indian Union after independence.
'As per this covenant, all these erstwhile princely states were to merge into a single independent state. However, the then union government chose to leave these scattered between UP and MP.'
He claimed that 52 percent people belonging to the region had migrated to other states due to lack of development of the area. 'The region is so rich in natural resources that it will not take time to become economically on the top.'
Quetta shura making Pak govt look like fools: Editorial
Pakistan Defence Minister Ahmed Mukhtar's recent statement that the armed forces have destroyed the Quetta shura after the government's constant denial of its very existence, has made the government look like fools rather than magicians, an editorial published in a Pakistani newspaper has said.'The Quetta Shura is the terrorist equivalent of a theoretical sub-atomic particle. Its existence is very difficult to prove, but the laws of physics (or, in this case, denial in the face of reality) determine that it must exist; otherwise things that we know to exist would be unable to exist,' The News wrote.
'The government has for as long as anybody can remember denied the existence of the Quetta Shura. Presidential spokesmen and government ministers are all on record to the effect that the QS is a figment of an overheated media imagination and the Americans,' it added.
However, in an interview with a private TV channel on Friday, Mukhtar made a shocking announcement on Friday.
Tapping the table with his magic wand to get our attention he announced that the QS is no longer a threat to Pakistan as our security forces have significantly damaged it.
'We have taken on the QS and disrupted it to the point at which it no longer poses a threat to us,' he was quoted, as saying.
The report questions if the QS no longer presents a threat to us then logic determines that it did at some point present the very threat that was denied, along with its existence. Wonders will never cease.
'All levity aside, the institutionalised denial of manifest realities does no more than make us look like fools rather than magicians, and yet those who lead and govern us are unable to understand this simple fact,' the editorial concluded.
Iraq war probe portrays Britain as frustrated sidekick to US: NYT
Britain's ongoing Iraq war inquiry has opened up a can of worms, but one common picture, which has emerged after confessions of most generals, diplomats and intelligence officials, portrays Britain as 'a frustrated sidekick to the American juggernaut, according to the New York Times.So for, the inquiry panel has found that former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, who was keen to build a close personal relationship with then-President George W. Bush, overrode his advisers' cautions and hastened Britain into a war that it could, and perhaps should, have avoided.
The report goes on saying that witnesses of the inquiry panel have presented Britain as a disregarded voice of diplomatic and military prudence, unable to restrain zealous American officials caught up in the aftermath of the Sept. 11 attacks.
The embarrassing revelations are unlikely to fetch Prime Minister Brown the much-needed public support for the Afghanistan war that he had hoped to achieve from the public inquiry into the Iraq war.
Meanwhile, in a BBC radio interview over the weekend, Blair, unrepentant, said that he would have gone to war against Saddam Hussein even if he had known beforehand that Iraq had no unconventional weapons.
The intelligence indicating the existence of such weapons, cited at the time as the primary reason that Britain committed more than 45,000 troops to the invasion.
Abu Dhabi steps in with $10 bn to bail-out of Dubai World
Dubai: Peer emirate Abu Dhabi Monday had a pleasant surprise for the financial world Monday, stepping in with a $10 billion bail-out offer for Dubai World that is caught in a multibillion dollar debt crisis.
"The Government of Abu Dhabi and the UAE Central Bank have agreed to provide important support," said Sheikh Ahmad Bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Chairman of the Dubai Supreme Fiscal Committee. He is also the uncle of Dubai's ruler Shaikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum.
"Specifically, the Government of Abu Dhabi has agreed to fund $10 billion to the Dubai Financial Support Fund that will be used to satisfy a series of upcoming obligations on Dubai World," his statement said.
As part of the $10 billion package, $4.1 billion will be allocated to Dubai World to take care of its immediate debt obligations.
State-run Dubai World had Nov 25 stunned the global financial markets with a debt restructuring announcement. It had said it needed time to repay about $26 billion of debt sending jitters down the global financial world.
In his statement, the supreme fiscal committee chairman said the remainder of the funds provided will be used to meet the obligations to existing trade creditors and contractors.
"We are here today to reassure investors, financial and trade creditors, employees, and our citizens that our government will act at all times in accordance with market principles and internationally accepted business practices."
Dubai's woes started with its booming real estate industry going bust at the start of 2008. With prices falling sharply, the emirate found its project finding not many takers or not as profitable.
The sudden declaration by the government asking creditors to wait up to six months sent the financial world into a tizzy, as the real estate boom was heavily backed by foreign funds especially European banks such as RBS and Standard Chartered.
Source: IANS
Gate-crasher 'screw up' won't happen again: Obama
Washington: U.S. President Barack Obama said no more uninvited guests will be getting into the White House after an embarrassing security lapse that allowed a pair of gate-crashers to slip into his first state dinner.
"I was unhappy with everybody who was involved in the process. And so, it was a screw up. ... It won't happen again," Obama said in an interview aired on Sunday on CBS's "60 Minutes."
The U.S. Secret Service, the agency responsible for protecting the president and his family, has taken the blame for letting the Virginia couple, Tareq and Michaele Salahi, into the Nov. 24 state dinner for Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh without an invitation.
Obama, who was photographed smiling and shaking hands with Michaele Salahi at the event, said he was angry when he found out the two had crashed the dinner, but shed no new light on how they got past security.
"What I know is what everybody knows, which is that these people should not have gotten through the gate," Obama said.
Some Republicans have said White House social secretary Desiree Rogers could have prevented the incident by stationing someone from her office at the gate with the Secret Service agents.
Asked if he was unhappy with Rogers, Obama said he was unhappy with everybody involved in the lapse.
The House of Representatives Homeland Security Committee voted last week to subpoena the Salahis to testify before the panel on Jan. 20.
The couple contended in a television interview that they were invited guests. But they are expected at the hearing to invoke their constitutional right against self-incrimination.
Source: Reuters
'We have plans to party together.' Claudia Ciesla
The German supermodel – actress is an expert in Hindi language now as well as Indian cooking… skills that she picked up fast in the Bigg Boss house. Competing with strong players inside the Bigg Boss's house who had their family and friends to provide them support, Claudia did not have any family here and neither did she know many people in Bollywood.
Yet this tough contender survived the Bigg Boss house and managed to stay inside for 10 weeks. Here, she recounts her experience…
How was the Bigg Boss experience?
I enjoyed in there and was a bit surprised to be voted out of the Bigg Boss's house but I am happy at the end of the day. I had a good experience and am slowly coming back to normal life. It was fun inside the house, the atmosphere was different, the games and tasks were fun to do. The whole game was different and it was an experience of a lifetime.
What was the reason to enter the Bigg Boss's house?
I think Bigg Boss is the best reality show and of course Mr. Amitabh Bachchan was the host and I hold him in high esteem. I could not say no to it. Even after my ouster it felt wonderful to be interviewed by Amitabh Bachchan as I think he is the God of Hindi film industry.
How did you manage life inside the house with your little knowledge of Hindi?
Initially, I faced a lot of difficulty when after few days I was not allowed to speak in English as per the Bigg Boss's instructions. I could not even understand if anyone was bitching about me and I landed in jail because of not speaking in Hindi. So, it was a problem even though everyone had to translate it for me but then I tried my best to learn the language as I did not want to go back in jail. The result could be seen when in the last 2-3 weeks before my eviction I understood everything.
Someone commented that you did not know your national (German) anthem, how do you feel about it?
Every culture is different and every school has its own kind of teaching. I was not taught my national anthem in my school.
You struck a great rapport with Parvesh but do you think somewhere he used you to win the game?
I don't think I am out of the house because of him. Parvesh is a nice friend and I had a good time with him. I don't feel he used me as whatever we did inside the Bigg Boss's house was natural since we are of the same age and we were comfortable with each other. If I would have felt that he is using me I would not have been friends with him.
After the show will you remain in touch only with Parvesh?
No, I will meet everybody and we even have plans to party together.
How was your jail experience?
I was scared of all kind of keedas floating around and Aditi had started crying when she was in jail but I did not. The jail experience made me take my Hindi lessons seriously as I did not want to go to jail again.
How was your equation with Kamal R Khan in the house?
When he first entered the house it was obvious that he was there to promote himself. He was so irritating that I thought I would kill him once we were outside. We all were very happy when we learnt that he was evicted and when he re-entered we all cursed Bigg Boss but surprisingly he was bearable the second time round.
So, how is life post 'Big Boss 3'?
I am searching for a nice apartment in Juhu or Bandra. I already have lots of offers from Bollywood. My manager and I will now be discussing about the kind of work I should do. I am very focused and particular about what I have to do next.
Lastly, who do you think will win?
I think Vindu may win because he has lot of support and even though he has been nominated 5-6 times he has not gone out. I think he is playing the game right.
--SAMPURN
US, India want to grab Pakistan's nuclear arsenal: Baloch
Lahore, Dec 14: Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Secretary General Liaquat Baloch claimed that both the United States and India want to grab Pakistan's nuclear arsenal after declaring it a failed state.
Addressing a public meeting in Lahore, Baloch said Washington is planning to develop India as a regional power to counter the hegemonistic designs of China.
He also criticised politicians for blaming the Taliban for every terrorist act.
He also said it was the unanimous decree of the Pakistani Ulema that suicide attacks were against humanity and Islamic teachings.
Baloch had earlier accused the U.S of undermining the roots of Pakistan through political, strategic and economic intervention.
India, he said, was not ready to have good relations with Pakistan.
He said India's Research Analysis Wing (RAW) was responsible for the chaos in Pakistan.
--ANI
INTERVIEW - Nasdaq sees over 30 China listings in 2010
Nasdaq OMX Group is aiming to host more than 30 new listings from Greater China companies in 2010, drawing on investor appetites for plays in the world's fastest growing major economy, a senior executive said on Monday.
A total of 30 companies from China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macau had listed shares on the main Nasdaq board so far this year, bringing the total to date to 121, Yeeli Hua Zheng, chief representative of Nasdaq in China, told Reuters.
"I believe next year will be better than this year," she said in an interview on the sidelines of a financial forum.
Stock exchanges around the world are competing for business and new listings from China, as Beijing maps out plans to develop domestic capital markets.
China has 10 million small and mid-sized companies starved for loans from domestic banks, which favour big state-owned enterprises.
In October, China's stock regulator introduced its own new growth enterprise board, the ChiNext market, to provide badly needed funding to start-ups.
Zheng said her company had acted as advisor to ChiNext and was not worried about any potential threat posed by the Shenzhen-based exchange because of the huge number of quality companies in China, now the world's third-biggest economy.
"China is home to millions of enterprises. If even a tiny portion of them go overseas, it would be a big number," Zheng said. "We hope Chinese companies can go abroad after domestic listing so that their investor base can be expanded."
SHANGHAI IPO
She reiterated that the New York-based bourse was in talks with Chinese regulators to float its shares on an international board that China is planning but has yet to announce details for.
"We've been pushing forward the process and negotiating with regulators, exploring a China listing as a company entity," Zheng said.
Market observers are expecting the first listings on the new board in Shanghai next year by foreign companies and red-chips, or Chinese companies that have their business on the mainland but are incorporated outside China and listed on overseas bourses, usually Hong Kong.
A number of companies, including global banking giant HSBC and the world's biggest wireless carrier China Mobile, have expressed interest in listing on the international board.
NYSE Euronext, the parent of the New York Stock Exchange and a rival to Nasdaq, is also keen to list in China.
(Additional reporting by Huang Yuntao; Editing by Chris Lewis)
Michael Wei and Doug Young
Reuter
Industry wants government to frame rules for Warehousing Act
Chennai, Dec 14 (IANS) Industry officials are unhappy with the government's 'lethargic attitude' in framing the rules for the Warehousing Act, which they claim is starving farmers and traders of the much-needed liquidity they could get from warehouse receipts.
The Warehousing (Development and Regulation) Act was enacted in 2007 to enable farmers to keep their farm produce in certified warehouses and use the receipts issued against it as a negotiable instrument and improve their cash liquidity without resorting to distress sale.
'It is sheer lethargic attitude of the government in framing the rules of the Act that is delaying the process of making the warehouse receipts negotiable,' an industry official told IANS preferring anonymity.
Presently banks do not extend fund assistance based on warehouse receipts suspecting the quantity and quality of the farm produce mentioned on them.
'Warehouse receipt funding has not taken off due the reluctance of banks which is linked to the credible warehousing system and the absence of legal environment,' R. Ramaseshan, managing director and CEO, National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange Ltd (NCDEX), told IANS.
He said the warehousing law would enable the farmers and others to avail bank funding and improve their liquidity.
'While the demand for farm products will be throughout the year, its harvest happens at on go. Farmers need not resort to distress sale of their produce when the market is flooded with the produce post harvest,' he added.
NCDEX is the country's largest agricultural commodity exchange in the country with 98 percent of its business derived from trading in farm produce.
He said the commodity exchange business will get a fillip if warehouse receipts are made negotiable.
Refuting the charge that online trading and futures are responsible for the steep rise in the prices of essential items, he said: 'Prices of commodities banned from futures trading have gone up. It only proves there are other reasons -demand and supply- for the price increase.'
He said the country should reduce the inefficiencies in the marketing of the farm produce.
'There has been no conscious move on the part of the government to look at this aspect after the green revolution that increased the farm yield.'
Indo Asian News Service
| PUCL Bulletin, August 1987 Child prostitution in India I. Introduction In older days the child was viewed with a tender feeling and treated with warmth, mercy, and compassion. But the fund of knowledge about the psychophysical needs and the environmental influence impinging on his growth and development was rather meager. The mechanics and dynamics of child development were not adequately and scientifically understood. Today on scientific grounds it can be asserted that work as a direct fulfilment of child's natural abilities and creative potentialities is always conducive to healthy growth but work when taken up as a means for fulfilment of some other needs becomes enslaving in character of a social problem in as much as it hinders, arrests, or distorts the natural growth processes and prevents the child from attaining full blown personality. The lions share of the value generated by it is appropriated by some one else and the child is left with a fraction that can not meet comfortably even the survival needs. Child labour is thus defined as work performed by children that either endangers their health or safety, interferes with or prevents education or keeps them from play and other activity important to their development. Child labour of this kind is considered a social evil. The problem of child labour is a multi-dimensional one as the children from a large segment of the total population. Child prostitution involving both boys and girls is very common today but female child prostitution is more common than male child prostitution. Termed as the oldest profession, prostitution has become an integral part of 'all sorts' that make the world. Women who resort to this rarely get a sympathetic word from the society and their life is wasted away selling momentary pleasures for a meal and existence in cubby holes called 'cages'. If their plight is pathetic, worse still is that of the child prostitutes. Today there is existence of 'kid porn' where children and not adults are chosen for sexual exploitation. Ironically child prostitution is a special category of rigorous case of child labour and it raises more troubling ethical problems than child labour in general. II. Extent Statistics of the survey done show:- City Population Prostitute Population Calcutta 9 million 100,000 Delhi 7 million 40,000 Agra 3 million 40,000 A survey conducted by Indian Health Organization of a red light area of Bombay shows:- 1. 20% of the one lakh prostitutes are children. III. Cases 1. Devdasi system:- many of the devdasis are the girls who were dedicated to the Goddess Yellamma by their parents at a very young age. They are the servants of God as they are married to the Goddess. This ceremony takes place twice a year. The main one is during the second fortnight of January at Karnatakas Saudatti village in South West of Miraj. Once the girl is married to a Goddess she cannot marry a mortal. The procurers frequent the place inorder to get the fresh supplies of girls as 4000 to 5000 girls are dedicated every year to the Goddess. Attaining puberty is a secondary thing as there is a ceremony known as heath Lawni (or touching ceremony) whereby the girl is made over to the highest bidder. A study revealed that one third, of which three fourth are under fourteen years, are in Bombay's cheapest brothels. They belong to the low castes like Mahars, Matangs, etc. who give low priority to education. They are so poverty stricken that Fathers, brothers and husbands do not hesitate to sell their daughters, sisters and wives. Prevention of devdasis Act has been in the statute book since 1935 and amended recently but the system continues even today despite governmental ban, Still the girls are dedicated to the Goddess and forced into virtual prostitution and made to entertain males in order to invoke the blessings of the deity. It was estimated that in Delhi 50% of the prostitutes are devdasis and in Bombay, Pune, Solapur and Sangli. 15% of them are devdasis, (2) It is also noticed that young and old men prefer young and new girls. (3) Growing poverty, increasing urbanization, and industrialization, migration, and widespread unemployment, breaking up of joint family system etc. are also responsible for the prevalence and perpetuation of the child prostitution. (4) The influx of the affluent and not so affluent people from Gulf countries in India has boosted the flesh trade in cities like Bombay, Hyderabad etc. The parents are forced to part with their daughters for as little as 2 rupees tow two thousand in the fond hope that they would get two square meals in the moneyed new world. (5) Quick marriages without proper knowledge of the bridegroom's family background leading to a divorce initiates the gravitation of girls to the red light area. (6) Another inaction is after rape. A fifteen years old girl was brought to Dr, Gildas Clinic as she was suffering from the symptoms of an STD she had been raped and sold by a self styled social worker. The poor girl was forced into silence by the threats of dire consequences. (7) The children are not lured into it but are thrust into it. There was a case of a sixteen years old girl who was sold to a brothel owner by her father following incest. 8% of these girls are victims of incest because of the myth-that one of the causes for an STD is intercourse with a virgin. (8) Many a times when a child who has lost both his parents is looked after by the relatives and these relatives too force the child into prostitution. (9) Child marriages are a common phenomenon even today and the bride is very much younger to the bridegroom so the husband drives the innocent wife into prostitution. There is a case where a girl of 13 was married off to a man of thrice her age three months later he abandoned her and married another girl. She returned to her poor parents and three months later a man promised her a good job and took her to Bombay from where he went and sold her to a middle aged woman at Kamatipura for rupees ten thousand and did not come back to take her. (10) Some of them are lured to Bombay the tinsel town. They dream of stellar roles in films and mostly end up as prostitutes in the cages. IV. Who are these girls, where then they procured from? How and why? The phenomenon of commercialized trafficking of their girls found an easy acceptability among kollas as Nadeem Hasnain, an anthropologist researched the Socio-economic and cultural variables responsible for the bondage. In his book Bonded for ever (1982) says. "… Centuries of exploitation and extreme degrees of material and non material deprivation and the resultant wretchedness have taken the fight out of them and they can hardly resist the temptation of getting some hundred rupees even at the cost of selling their offsprings and wives. It is an economic battle for life". Nearly 5000 teenagers and women in a Tehsil of sangli district in South Maharastra wait for the month of June when the Arabs come and the year long poverty and hunger of these women, children, and babies is dispelled over night. The flesh trade flourishes from June to September and makes all the people connected with it happy. In Rajashtan teenage prostitution is catching up as men sit and smoke hukkas while women fix bargains years after passing of the suppression of immoral traffic of women and children act. The children of the age group between 12 yrs to 20 yrs practice prostitution after school hours. Most of these children are later sold to the brothels of Agra and Delhi.
Nepal has a very large female population and majority of them are illiterate and are very gullible and can be lured under any pretext. They are very religious and succumb to the promises of being taken to temples in India. They are fair skinned and attractive and a promise to get them into films tempts them. There is widespread unemployment in Nepal and the girls are totally unexposed to the outer world. About 40% of these girls are habitual bidi smokers so a little bit of the soporific can be mixed in the cigarettes for e.g. Ganja, Charas before abducting them. The Govt. of Nepal plans to ban smoking for women for this reason. The procurers find new ways of abducting them. One of the ways is giving them the 'magic paan' (betel) which is cocaine mixed, as most of the girls are abdicts of paan and beedi fall an easy prey to the cocaine intoxication. Another bait is that of dowry which exists in reverse from in Nepal. A man can buy a bride and then he brings her to Bombay or anywhere and sells her at a brothel. Bombay seems to be an end of the rainbow when the daughters disappeared, the parents did not try to find out because they neither had the resources nor the ability to do so. They are assured that each girl can look after herself and if she does not reach so far. But when the girls started disappearing more frequently the rumours filtered back to the villages the neighbours were told that she was working in Bombay. The parents do not accept the girls back but the money they send to them 80% of the girls crossing the Indo-Nepal border fall victims to racketeers who include Government officials of the two countries. Girls are also brought from Karnataka, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and are assaulted and raped till they submit to this shameful life. V. Conditions The procurer first rechristens the girl and the cautions them against revealing their real names and also disclosing there true addresses to the customers. Thereafter they are trained on the ethics of flesh trade never to turn away any customer, to treat all customers well equally courteously and superficially and never to discuss personal matters and keep themselves clean. They are also given one weekly holiday. The brothels where minor girls are kept, have two entries so as to escape during the sudden raids. The girls have to live in a really unhygenic condition with very little food. A dozen girls have to live in a 10 x 10 room and that too without any medical check ups. These girls are forced to work round the clock. They are excused only when they are physically very weak. Madams have quacks to treat them who dispense debilitating remedies and also use dangerous and unhygenic methods of abortion. The quacks inject coloured liquid in the infected areas as the treatment for various sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, scabies, venereal wart etc. making the children never totally cured thus extending their hold on them. The girls are seldom taken for treatment as sex with a minor girl is a crime so the madams are scared of the criminal proceedings. For decades the most important red light areas have been enjoying the police protection. The policemen themselves go to the brothels for tea snacks and girls. They inform the brothel keepers in advance about the raids which are scheduled to take place. The police, the brothel keeper, and pimps share the major part of the earnings of the prostitutes and the rest of it that percolates down to the prostitutes is a mere pittance. It is alleged that the police and abet the running of the brothels. They accept the hospitability, money and free use of the girls. The police helps the brothel keeper even by bringing back the ones who have run away. In a case where a girl named Geeta who was ten years old was rescued by a hawker after many attempts was returned back to the brothel keeper by the inspector himself on the same day. The escapes by the victims and recovery by the police are rare. The recoveries do not account for even 2% of the actual number of girls procured it different places. Child prostitution does not exists only in India but also in other parts of the world. "60 sex salves all from impoverished Dominican republic were found hidden in sealed containers unloaded at the port St. Thomas in U. S. Virgin Islands. 28 of these died and survivors were weak with no identity papers. They work for 18 hrs in a day and get only 20 dollars per client." "Millions of third worlds young women and children are sold. Sexual slavery is becoming increasingly international and industrial incharacter". An organization of Manila which exports girls had 18 girls between the ages of 10 yrs to 17 yrs ready to be exported with same sign tattooed on the right thigh. In Thailand child prostitution is relatively discrete and tolerated by police. VI. Effects The case of Tulsa a Nepali girl is more pathetic. Since the age of 13 she was sold and brought by many people and shifted from brothel to brothel and was forced by five to seven men every day. In this process she ended up with many diseases. She was taken to J. J. Hospital at Bombay. She was said to be suffering from meningitis, tuberculosis of brain, bone and chest and had an STD in advanced stage. The police took over sixteen months a file a charge sheet. Finally she was repatriated to Nepal. The culprits in the Himalayan. Kingdom were tried and imprisoned for 20 years. Child prostitutes become ready recruits for flesh trade for they are rendered unfit for any other trade or calling not being educated or having any knowledge of any other trade. Child prostitution itself is a criminal activity and serves as a catalyst for further criminal association in other fields. The helpless children are turned into mere pawns in the criminal syndicates which lead to a steady deterioration of morals. 50m of the worlds 200m prostitutes who suffer from STD are in India and they are mostly found to be affected by tuberculosis, meningitis scabies, chronic pelvic injections anaemia, syphilis, chaneroid. Tineacrutis, vevercal war etc. This was the scars that the child prostitution leaves on the child prostitutes can not be erased but to a certain extent can be minimised by the medical help. VII. Law and child prostitution Under the amended act detention of a woman for purposes of prostitution is punishable with a minimum of seven years of imprisonment and maximum of life imprisonment Equally Stringent punishment will be awarded to those procuring children for prostitution. Under the new act there are three categories of victims-children, minors and majors. The children are those upto 16 years and minors are those between 16 to 18yrs and majors are those above 18 yrs. The earlier act recognized only women and girls - a women being one who has completed 21 years. Punishment for offences committed against these categories differ in severity Offences Committed against children and minors will be dealt with more severely than those against majors. The new act provides for the appointment of a special police officer for investigating offences with inter-state ramifications the women who are resended by the police during raids will be questioned only by women police officers and if none is available they can be interrogated only in the presence of a female representative of a recognised welfare institution or organisation. To make a search or conduct a raid too the police officer has to be accompanied by at least two police women. VIII. Rehabilitation IX. Conclusion X. Bibliography 2. Forum against child prostitution formed 3rd August 1985, The Times of India (Bombay). 3. Women in Bondage, Prashant Kumar, 11th November 1984, Sunday Observer. 4. A doctors crusade against child Prostitution by Chaya Srivastava. 18th June1986, Deccan Herals (Bangalore) 5. Rescue, Protect, Destroy: Sheela Barse, 10th February 1985, Statesman. 6. Miraj's monsoon harvest, Anand Agashe, 8th May 1986, Indian Express (Bombay). 7. From Nepal without Love, Shashi Menon, 7th April 1985, Indian Express. 8. Profile of sexually transmitted diseases in child prostitutes in the Red light areas of Bombay, V. R. Bhalerao. 9. Courtesans in the house of God, 8th September 1985. Free Press Journal. 10. Child Prostitution, 3rd August 1985. Times of India. 11. 60 Girls as Cargo to Virgin Ils, 21st April 1985, Indian Express. 12. Teenage Prostitution up in Rajasthan, 28th December 1984, The Daily. 13. 20% of the Prostitutes are minors. V Mathews, 11th August 1985, The Daily 14. Encyclopedia Americana 15. Urbanization a hell for poor kids, 2nd November 1986, The Times of India, Bombay. 16. New act to curb, child Prostitution, 24th January 1987, Times of India (Bombay). 17. Prostitution Thrives in Bombay, 7th April 1987, Times of India, (Bombay).
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Prostitution in India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In India, prostitution itself (exchanging sex for money) is not illegal, but the surrounding activities (operating brothels, pimping, soliciting sex etc) are illegal [5].
Prostitution is currently a contentious issue in India. In 2007, the Ministry of Women and Child Development reported presence of 2.8 million sex workers in India, with 35.47 percent of them entering the trade before the age of 18 years [1][2]. The number of prostitutes has also doubled in the recent decade [3].
According to a Human Rights Watch report, Indian anti-trafficking laws are designed to combat commercialized vice; prostitution, as such, is not illegal. A sex worker can be punished for soliciting or seducing in public while clients can be punished for sexual activity close to a public place, and the organization puts the figure of sex workers in India to be around 15 million, with Mumbai alone being home to one hundred thousand sex workers, the largest sex industry centre in Asia [4]. Over the years, India has seen a growing mandate to legalize prostitution, to avoid exploitation of sex workers and their children by middlemen and also in the wake of growing HIV/AIDS menace [5]
Normally, girl prostitutes as categorised as common prostitutes, singers and dancers, call girls, religious prostitutes (or devdasi), and caged brothel prostitutes. Districts bordering Maharashtra and Karnataka, known as the 'devadasi belt', have trafficking structures operating at various levels [4]. Brothels are illegal de jure but in practice they are restricted in location to certain areas of any given town and thus although the profession does not have official sanction, little effort is made to stamp it out or to take action to impede it.
Sonagachi in Kolkata, Kamathipura in Mumbai, G. B. Road in New Delhi, Reshampura in Gwalior and Budhwar Peth in Pune host thousands of sex workers. They are famous red light centres in India. Earlier other centres like Dal Mandi in Varanasi, Naqqasa Bazaar in Saharanpur, Mali Sahi in Bhubaneshwar, Chaturbhuj Sthan in Muzaffarpur, Peddapuram and Gudivada in Andhra Pradesh.[citation needed]
Contents[hide] |
[edit] History
In ancient India, there is a practice of having Nagarvadhus, "brides of the town". Famous examples include Amrapali, state courtesan and Buddhist disciple, described in Vaishali Ki Nagarvadhu by Acharya Chatursen and Vasantasena, a character in the classic Sanskrit story of Mricchakatika, written in 2nd century BC by Sudraka. The Devadasis, who performed in temples, were described as "temple prostitutes". Kanhopatra is venerated as a saint in the Varkari sect of Hinduism, despite spending most of her life as a courtesan. Binodini Dasi started her career as a courtesan, later to become a Bengali theatre actress.Prostitution in India started by Brahmin society for the benefit of their children.
In Goa, a Portuguese colony in India, during the late 16th and 17th centuries, there was a community of Japanese slaves, who were usually young Japanese women and girls brought or captured as sexual slaves by Portuguese traders and their South Asian lascar crewmembers from Japan.[6]
During the British East India Company's rule in India in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, it was initially fairly common for British soldiers to frequently visit local Indian nautch dancers. Likewise, Indian lascar seamen taken to the United Kingdom also frequently visited the local British prostitutes there.[7][8] In the 19th and early 20th centuries, thousands of women and girls from continental Europe and Japan were also trafficked into British India, where they worked as prostitutes servicing both British soldiers and local Indian men.[9][10][11]
[edit] Legal status
The current laws of India allow prostitution to thrive, but attempt to hide it from the public. The primary law dealing with the status of sex workers is the 1956 law referred to as the The Immoral Traffic (Suppression) Act (SITA). According to this law, prostitutes can practice their trade privately but cannot legally solicit customers in public. Organized prostitution (brothels, prostitution rings, pimping etc) is illegal. As long as it is done individually and voluntarily, a woman (male prostitution is not recognized in the Indian constitution) can use her body's attributes in exchange for material benefit. In particular, the law forbids a sex worker to carry on her profession within 200 yards of a public place. Unlike as is the case with other professions, sex workers are not protected under normal labour laws, but they possess the right to rescue and rehabilitation if they desire and possess all the rights of other citizens.
In practice SITA is not commonly used. The Indian Penal Code (IPC) which predates the SITA is often used to charge sex workers with vague crimes such as "public indecency" or being a "public nuisance" without explicitly defining what these consist of. Recently the old law has been amended as The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act or PITA. Attempts to amend this to criminalise clients [12] have been opposed by the Health Ministry, [13] and has encountered considerable opposition. [14] In an interesting and positive development in the improvement of the lives of female sex workers in Calcutta, state owned insurance company has provided life insurance to 250 individuals.[15]
[edit] Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act
The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act or PITA is a 1986 amendment of legislation passed in 1956 as a result of the signing by India of the United Nations' declaration in 1950 in New York on the suppression of trafficking.[16] The act was then called the All India Suppression of Immoral Traffic Act (SITA), was amended to the current law. The laws were intended as a means of limiting and eventually abolishing prostitution in India by gradually criminalizing various aspects of sex work. The main points of the PITA are as follows: [17]
Sex WorkersA prostitute who seduces or solicits shall be prosecuted. Similarly, call girls can not publish phone numbers to the public. (imprisonment up to 6 months with fine, point 8)Sex worker also punished for prostitution near any public place or notified area. (Imprisonment of up to 3 months with fine, point 7) ClientsA client is guilty of consorting with prostitutes and can be charged if he engages in sex acts with a sex worker within 200 yards of a public place or "notified area". (Imprisonment of up to 3 months, point 7) The client may also be punished if the sex worker is below 18 years of age. (From 7 to 10 years of imprisonment, whether with a child or a minor, point 7) Pimps and BabusBabus or pimps or live-in lovers who live off a prostitute's earnings are guilty of a crime. Any adult male living with a prostitute is assumed to be guilty unless he can prove otherwise. (Imprisonment of up to 2 years with fine, point 4) BrothelLandlords and brothel-keepers can be prosecuted, maintaining a brothel is illegal. (From 1 to 3 years imprisonment with fine for first offence, point 3)
Detaining someone at a brothel for the purpose of sexual exploitation can lead to prosecution. (Imprisonment of more than 7 years, point 6)
Procuring and traffickingA person procures or attempts to procure anybody is liable to be punished. Also a person who moves a person from one place to another, (human trafficking), can be prosecuted similarly. (From 3 to 7 years imprisonment with fine, point 5) Rescued WomenThe government is legally obligated to provide rescue and rehabilitation in a "protective home" for any sex worker requesting assistance. (Point 21)Public place in context of this law includes places of public religious worship, educational institutions, hostels, hospitals etc. A "notified area" is a place which is declared to be "prostitution-free" by the state government under the PITA. Brothel in context of this law, is a place which has two or more sex workers (2a). Prostitution itself is not an offence under this law, but soliciting, brothels and pimps are illegal.[18]
[edit] Causes
Most of the research done by Sanlaap indicates that the majority of sex workers in India work as prostitutes due to lacking resources to support themselves or their children. Most do not choose this profession out of preference, but out of necessity, often after the breakup of a marriage or after being disowned and thrown out of their homes by their families. The children of sex workers are much more likely to get involved in this kind of work as well. A survey completed in 1988 by the All Bengal Women's Union interviewed a random sample of 160 sex workers in Calcutta and of those, 23 claimed that they had come of their own accord, whereas the remaining 137 women claimed to have been introduced into the sex trade by agents of various sorts. The breakdown was as follows:
- Neighbour in connivance with parents: 7
- Neighbours as pimps (guardians not knowing): 19
- Aged sex workers from same village or locality: 31
- Unknown person/accidental meeting with pimp: 32
- Mother/sister/near relative in the profession: 18
- Lover giving false hope of marriage or job and selling to brothel: 14
- Close acquaintance giving false hope of marriage or job: 11
- "Husband" (not legally married): 3
- Husband (legally married): 1
- Young college student selling to brothel and visiting free of cost: 1
The breakdown of the agents by sex were as follows: 76% of the agents were female and only 24% were males. Over 80% of the agents bring young women into the profession were known people and not traffickers: neighbors, relatives, etc.
Also prevalent in Indian prostitution is the Chukri System, whereby a female is coerced into prostitution to pay off debts, as a form of bonded labour. In this system, the prostitute generally works without pay for one year or longer in order to repay a supposed debt to the brothel owner for food, clothes, make-up and living expenses. In India, the Government's "central sponsored scheme" provides financial or in-kind grants to released bonded labourers and their family members, the report noted, adding over 2,85,000 people have benefited to date. Almost 5,000 prosecutions have been recorded so far under the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act of 1976.
Some women and even girls are by tradition born into prostitution to support the family. The Bachara, for example, follow this tradition with eldest daughters often expected to be prostitutes.
Over 40% of 484 prostituted girls rescued during major raids of brothels in Mumbai in 1996 were from Nepal.[19] In India as many as 200,000 Nepalese girls, many under the age of 14, have been sold into sexual slavery. Nepalese women and girls, especially virgins, are favoured in India because of their fair skin and young looks.[20][21]
At the other end of the spectrum operate high class escort girls recruited from women's colleges and the vast cadres of India's fashion and film industries. They can command large sums of money. These services usually operate by way of introduction. However a recent trend has seen the emergence of several snazzy websites, openly advertising their services.
[edit] Male sex workers
Male prostitution is increasingly visible in India. Gigolo service in India is growing.[22] But there are cases of harassment of client women by gigolos.[23] In Delhi there are as many as twenty "agencies" offering "handsome masseurs" in the classifieds of the newspapers (Hindustan times). They offer both in and out services, although the facilities are usually very basic. Most western clients are visited at their hotels. Local middle class Indians are also now using these services. Fees are discussed over the phone, typically 1000 - 3000 Rs[citation needed]. Safe sex and condom use is generally well understood. The workers typically do not speak English too well. They are also found in Delhi's emerging gay night life scene, with several "one nighters" at various middle class night clubs in the city.
In India, male homosexual acts are now legal but male prostitution is all but invisible and not much is currently known about the status of male sex workers. Due to the social stigma attached to homosexuality in India and the lack of legal protection, they tend to face higher risks than females. They are often faced with violence from the police, clients, and are often subjected to extortion from the police in order to carry on with their work. A large percentage of male sex workers are eunuchs or hijrahs. Most know of sexually transmitted diseases through experience, but there are few preventative measures, such as condoms, that are made available to them. Due to their legal status, no regimen of testing for AIDS or other diseases, are made available.
[edit] AIDS
Mumbai and Kolkata (Calcutta) have the country's largest brothel based sex industry, with over 100,000 sex workers in Mumbai[24]. It is estimated that more than 50% of the sex workers in Mumbai are HIV-positive[25]. In Surat, a study discovered that HIV prevalence among sex workers had increased from 17% in 1992 to 43% in 2000.
A positive outcome of a prevention program among prostitutes can be found in Sonagachi, a red-light district in Kolkata. The education program targeted about 5,000 female prostitutes. A team of two peer workers carried out outreach activities including education, condom promotion and follow-up of STI cases. When the project was launched in 1992, 27% of sex workers reported condom use. By 1995 this had risen to 82%, and in 2001 it was 86%. Reaching women who are working in brothels has proven to be quite difficult due to the sheltered and secluded nature of the work, where pimps, Mashis, and brothel-keepers often control access to the women and prevent their access to education, resulting in a low to modest literacy rate for many sex workers.
Consistently high HIV infection rates among sex workers (50% or more among Mumbai's female sex worker population since 1993[26]), coupled with lack of information, failure to use protection, and the migrancy of their clients [27], may contribute to the spread of AIDS in the region and the country [26].
[edit] Popular culture
Prostitution, has been a theme in Indian literature and arts for centuries, Mrichakatika a ten act Sanskrit play, set in Pataliputra (modern-day Patna), was written by Śhudraka in the 2nd century BC. It entails the story of a nagarvadhu (royal cortesan) Vasantsena. It was made into Utsav, a 1984 Hindi film. Amrapali (Ambapali) the nagarvadhu of the Kingdom of Vaishali famously became a Buddhist monk later in the life, a story retold in a Hindi film, Amprapali (1966) [28]
Tawaif, or the courtesan in the Mughal era, has been a theme of a number of films including Pakeezah (1972), Umrao Jaan (1981), Tawaif (film) (1985), and Umrao Jaan (2006 film). Other movies depicting lives of prostitutes and dancing girls are Sharaabi, Amar Prem (1972), Devdas (2002), Chandni Bar (2001) and Chameli (2003).
Born into Brothels, a 2004 American documentary film about the children of prostitutes in Sonagachi, Kolkata, won the Academy Award for Documentary Feature in 2004.[29].
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Around 2.8 mn prostitutes in India Indian Express, May 08, 2007.
- ^ BBC report on number of female sex workers in India BBC News.
- ^ Prostitution 'increases' in India BBC News, July 3, 2006.
- ^ a b Prostitution: A burning issue in India today merinews.com, Apr 7, 2008.
- ^ A mandate to legalise prostitution The Times of India, Aug 25, 2003.
- ^ Leupp, Gary P. (2003), Interracial Intimacy in Japan, Continuum International Publishing Group, p. 49 & 52, ISBN 0826460747
- ^ Fisher, Michael Herbert (2006), Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Traveller and Settler in Britain 1600-1857, Orient Blackswan, pp. 106, 111-6, 119-20, 129-35, 140-2, 154-8, 160-8, 172, 181, ISBN 8178241544
- ^ Fisher, Michael H. (2007), "Excluding and Including "Natives of India": Early-Nineteenth-Century British-Indian Race Relations in Britain", Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 27 (2): 303-314 [304-5]
- ^ Fischer-Tiné, Harald (2003), "'White women degrading themselves to the lowest depths': European networks of prostitution and colonial anxieties in British India and Ceylon ca. 1880-1914", Indian Economic Social History Review 40: 163-90, doi:
- ^ Tambe, Ashwini (2005), "The Elusive Ingénue: A Transnational Feminist Analysis of European Prostitution in Colonial Bombay", Gender & Society 19: 160-79
- ^ Enloe, Cynthia H. (2000), Maneuvers: The International Politics of Militarizing Women's Lives, University of California Press, p. 58, ISBN 0520220714
- ^ LEADER ARTICLE: Sex Workers Need Legal Cover-Editorial-Opinion-The Times of India
- ^ 'Sex workers' clients shouldn't be penalised'-India-The Times of India
- ^ LEADER ARTICLE: Sex Work Is No Crime-Editorial-Opinion-The Times of India
- ^ BBC NEWS | South Asia | India sex workers get life cover
- ^ The Immoral traffic Prevention Act
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2]
- ^ "S. Asia Urged to Unite Against Child Prostitution", Reuters, June 19, 1998.
- ^ Millions Suffer in Sex Slavery
- ^ Fair skin and young looks: Nepalese victims of human trafficking languish in Indian brothels
- ^ [3]
- ^ [4]
- ^ "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: India", US State Department, 2001.
- ^ "HIV/AIDS in Asia and the Pacific Region 2001", World Health Organization, 2001.
- ^ a b "AIDS in Asia, Face the Facts", Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic (MAP) Network report, 2004.
- ^ Galwankar S., "Sexual behaviors in migrant male workers from Mumbai: a need for sex education for the uneducated", Internations Conf erence on AIDS. 2002.
- ^ Amprali at the Internet Movie Database.
- ^ "NY Times: Born into Brothels". NY Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/299929/Born-Into-Brothels/details. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
[edit] Further reading
- History of Prostitution in India, by S. N. Sinha. Published by Bengal Social Hygiene Association, 1933.
- Reporting on Prostitution: The Media, Women and Prostitution in India, Malaysia and the Philippines, by Lois Grjebine, UNESCO. Published by Unesco, 1985.
- Prostitution in India, by Santosh Kumar Mukherji, Biswanath Joardar. Published by Inter-India Publications, 1986. ISBN 8121000548.
- The Castaway of Indian Society: History of Prostitution in India Since Vedic Times, Based on Sanskrit, Pāli, Prākrit, and Bengali Sources, by Sures Chandra Banerji, Ramala Banerji. Published by Punthi Pustak, 1989. ISBN 818509425X.
- Child Prostitution in India, by Joseph Anthony Gathia, Centre of Concern for Child Labour. Published by Concept Pub. Co., 1999. ISBN 8170227712.
- Immoral Traffic - Prostitution in India, by V. Sithannan. Published by JEYWIN Publications. ISBN 8190597507.
- Broken Lives: Dalit Women and Girls in Prostitution in India, by M. Rita Rozario. Published by Ambedkar Resource Centre, Rural Education for Development Society, 2000. ISBN 8187367024.
- Gomare et al. 2002. Adopting strategic approach for reaching out to inaccessible population viz Abstract WePeF6707F abstract, The XIV International AIDS Conference.
- Trafficking in Women and Children in India, by P. M. Nair, Sankar Sen, Institute of Social Sciences, New Delhi, India. National Human Rights Commission, UNIFEM South Asia Regional Office, New Delhi. Published by Orient Blackswan, 2005. ISBN 8125028455.
- INDIA & Southeast Asia to 1875, Beck, Sanderson. ISBN 0-9762210-0-4
[edit] External links
- India - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution from the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women (CATW)
- Rape For Profit -- Human Rights Watch Report
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Legalizing it will bring everything in sight. When I say legalize, the purpose of it should be to eradicate it & not let it thrive.
20 million illegal Bangladesh migrants form 2 per cent of India's population; Misyar marriage – legalized prostitution in Islam; Muslim thief caught stealing silver idol of goddess ...
In the context of countries like India and Cambodia where I've written about ... A number of you have commented on my blog that the way to address prostitution is to legalize it and ...
... and Turkey have both legalized prostitution. Women must register and attend clinics for regular examinations, in some cases as frequently as twice weekly. In India ...
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Best Answer: Its a controversial issue. And we can't answer it directly considering India in account. First of all, Indian culture never allows prostitution. India with her over 5000 year ...
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Over the years, India has seen a growing mandate to legalize prostitution, to avoid exploitation of sex workers and their children by middlemen and also in the wake of growing HIV ...
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